{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:59:52Z","timestamp":1777658392290,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]],"date-time":"2015-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant","award":["51474015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51474015"]}]},{"name":"National Science &amp; Technology Pillar Program","award":["2013BAK06B03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013BAK06B03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Based on wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) deployed in an underground coal mine, a miner\u2019s lamp video collaborative localization algorithm was proposed to locate miners in the scene of insufficient illumination and bifurcated structures of underground tunnels. In bifurcation area, several camera nodes are deployed along the longitudinal direction of tunnels, forming a collaborative cluster in wireless way to monitor and locate miners in underground tunnels. Cap-lamps are regarded as the feature of miners in the scene of insufficient illumination of underground tunnels, which means that miners can be identified by detecting their cap-lamps. A miner\u2019s lamp will project mapping points on the imaging plane of collaborative cameras and the coordinates of mapping points are calculated by collaborative cameras. Then, multiple straight lines between the positions of collaborative cameras and their corresponding mapping points are established. To find the three-dimension (3D) coordinate location of the miner\u2019s lamp a least square method is proposed to get the optimal intersection of the multiple straight lines. Tests were carried out both in a corridor and a realistic scenario of underground tunnel, which show that the proposed miner\u2019s lamp video collaborative localization algorithm has good effectiveness, robustness and localization accuracy in real world conditions of underground tunnels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s151025103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]],"date-time":"2015-09-29T11:05:55Z","timestamp":1443524755000},"page":"25103-25122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Video Collaborative Localization of a Miner\u2019s Lamp Based on Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks for Underground Coal Mines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kaiming","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruisong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21134","DOI":"10.3390\/s150921134","article-title":"Multi-Sensor Detection with Particle Swarm Optimization for Time-Frequency Coded Cooperative WSNs Based on MC-CDMA for Underground Coal Mines","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13149","DOI":"10.3390\/s140713149","article-title":"An Integrated Environment Monitoring System for Underground Coal Mines\u2014Wireless Sensor Network Subsystem with Multi-Parameter Monitoring","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.3390\/s90402836","article-title":"Anchor-Free Localization Method for Mobile Targets in Coal Mine Wireless Sensor Networks","volume":"9","author":"Pei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1925","article-title":"Technologies of Monitoring and Communication in the Coal Mine","volume":"35","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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