{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T04:40:37Z","timestamp":1768279237799,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,14]],"date-time":"2015-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A driver behaviour analysis tool is presented. The proposal offers a novel contribution based on low-cost hardware and advanced software capabilities based on data fusion. The device takes advantage of the information provided by the in-vehicle sensors using Controller Area Network Bus (CAN-BUS), an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and a GPS. By fusing this information, the system can infer the behaviour of the driver, providing aggressive behaviour detection. By means of accurate GPS-based localization, the system is able to add context information, such as digital map information, speed limits, etc. Several parameters and signals are taken into account, both in the temporal and frequency domains, to provide real time behaviour detection. The system was tested in urban, interurban and highways scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s151025968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,14]],"date-time":"2015-10-14T10:52:42Z","timestamp":1444819962000},"page":"25968-25991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Data Fusion for Driver Behaviour Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Juan","family":"Carmona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid\/Avda. de la Universidad 30,  28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6291-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid\/Avda. de la Universidad 30,  28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3764-5083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid\/Avda. de la Universidad 30,  28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2618-857X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Escalera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid\/Avda. de la Universidad 30,  28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Armingol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid\/Avda. de la Universidad 30,  28911 Legan\u00e9s, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"European Comission Mobility and Transport. 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