{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T21:57:40Z","timestamp":1770415060657,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]],"date-time":"2016-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inappropriate speed is a relevant concurrent factor in many traffic accidents. Moreover, in recent years, traffic accidents numbers in Spain have fallen sharply, but this reduction has not been so significant on single carriageway roads. These infrastructures have less equipment than high-capacity roads, therefore measures to reduce accidents on them should be implemented in vehicles. This article describes the development and analysis of the impact on the driver of a warning system for the safe speed on each road section in terms of geometry, the presence of traffic jams, weather conditions, type of vehicle and actual driving conditions. This system is based on an application for smartphones and includes knowledge of the vehicle position via Ground Positioning System (GPS), access to intravehicular information from onboard sensors through the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, vehicle data entry by the driver, access to roadside information (short-range communications) and access to a centralized server with information about the road in the current and following sections of the route (long-range communications). Using this information, the system calculates the safe speed, recommends the appropriate speed in advance in the following sections and provides warnings to the driver. Finally, data are sent from vehicles to a server to generate new information to disseminate to other users or to supervise drivers\u2019 behaviour. Tests in a driving simulator have been used to define the system warnings and Human Machine Interface (HMI) and final tests have been performed on real roads in order to analyze the effect of the system on driver behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16010131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,22]],"date-time":"2016-01-22T11:36:13Z","timestamp":1453462573000},"page":"131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Intravehicular, Short- and Long-Range Communication Information Fusion for Providing Safe Speed Warnings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9532-3835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute for Automobile Research (INSIA), Ctra. Valencia, Km. 7, Madrid 28031, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4211-9419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose","family":"Naranjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute for Automobile Research (INSIA), Ctra. Valencia, Km. 7, Madrid 28031, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Serradilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute for Automobile Research (INSIA), Ctra. Valencia, Km. 7, Madrid 28031, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, Ctra. de H\u00famera, s\/n, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, Madrid 28223, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, Ctra. de H\u00famera, s\/n, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, Madrid 28223, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trinidad","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, Ctra. de H\u00famera, s\/n, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, Madrid 28223, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Anaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute for Automobile Research (INSIA), Ctra. Valencia, Km. 7, Madrid 28031, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4150-9052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute for Automobile Research (INSIA), Ctra. Valencia, Km. 7, Madrid 28031, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"European Commission (2003). Road Infrastructure Safety Management: Report of the Working Group on Infrastructure Safety, European Commission, DG Transport and Energy."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez, F. (2006). Sistema de Adaptaci\u00f3n de la Velocidad de Los Veh\u00edculos Autom\u00f3viles a la Geometr\u00eda de la Carretera. [Ph.D. Thesis, Technical University of Madrid]. 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