{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T14:39:05Z","timestamp":1778164745632,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,5]],"date-time":"2016-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PARLOMA Project","award":["SIN_00132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIN_00132"]}]},{"name":"VRehab Project","award":["RF-2009-1472190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2009-1472190"]}]},{"name":"Wearable interfaces for hand function recoverY Project","award":["FP7-ICT-Ch5 G.A. 288551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7-ICT-Ch5 G.A. 288551"]}]},{"name":"ADVANCED MULOS Project","award":["MI01_00319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MI01_00319"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vision-based Pose Estimation (VPE) represents a non-invasive solution to allow a smooth and natural interaction between a human user and a robotic system, without requiring complex calibration procedures. Moreover, VPE interfaces are gaining momentum as they are highly intuitive, such that they can be used from untrained personnel (e.g., a generic caregiver) even in delicate tasks as rehabilitation exercises. In this paper, we present a novel master\u2013slave setup for hand telerehabilitation with an intuitive and simple interface for remote control of a wearable hand exoskeleton, named HX. While performing rehabilitative exercises, the master unit evaluates the 3D position of a human operator\u2019s hand joints in real-time using only a RGB-D camera, and commands remotely the slave exoskeleton. Within the slave unit, the exoskeleton replicates hand movements and an external grip sensor records interaction forces, that are fed back to the operator-therapist, allowing a direct real-time assessment of the rehabilitative task. Experimental data collected with an operator and six volunteers are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed system and its performances. The results demonstrate that, leveraging on our system, the operator was able to directly control volunteers\u2019 hands movements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16020208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,5]],"date-time":"2016-02-05T10:06:16Z","timestamp":1454666776000},"page":"208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Vision-Based Pose Estimation for Robot-Mediated Hand Telerehabilitation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Air\u00f2 Farulla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Pianu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, National Research Council, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Cempini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Cortese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8617-8966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludovico","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Indaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Nerino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, National Research Council, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Chimienti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, National Research Council, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calogero","family":"Oddo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Vitiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera 56025, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"S6","article-title":"The economic impact of stroke","volume":"45","author":"Dobkin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"EVAL-revolutionizing hand exams","volume":"7","author":"Fox","year":"1991","journal-title":"Adv. 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