{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:27:52Z","timestamp":1773840472669,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]],"date-time":"2016-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report improved sensitivity to NO, NO2 and NH3 gas with specially-designed AlGaN\/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) that are suitable for operation in the harsh environment of diesel exhaust systems. The gate of the HEMT device is functionalized using a Pt catalyst for gas detection. We found that the performance of the sensors is enhanced at a temperature of 600 \u00b0C, and the measured sensitivity to 900 ppm-NO, 900 ppm-NO2 and 15 ppm-NH3 is 24%, 38.5% and 33%, respectively, at 600 \u00b0C. We also report dynamic response times as fast as 1 s for these three gases. Together, these results indicate that HEMT sensors could be used in a harsh environment with the ability to control an anti-pollution system in real time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16030273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]],"date-time":"2016-02-23T10:57:06Z","timestamp":1456225026000},"page":"273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Investigation of the Performance of HEMT-Based NO, NO2 and NH3 Exhaust Gas Sensors for Automotive Antipollution Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yacine","family":"Halfaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech Lorraine, Georgia Tech- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit\u00e9 Mixte Internationale (UMI 2958), 2-3 rue Marconi, Metz 57070, France"},{"name":"Peugeot Citro\u00ebn PSA, 75 Avenue de la Grande Arm\u00e9e, Paris 75116, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech Lorraine, Georgia Tech- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit\u00e9 Mixte Internationale (UMI 2958), 2-3 rue Marconi, Metz 57070, France"},{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute d\u2019Electronique, de Micro\u00e9lectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (IEMN\/CNRS) 8520, Universit\u00e9 de Lille Science et technologies, Villeneuve d\u2019Ascq 59652, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech Lorraine, Georgia Tech- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit\u00e9 Mixte Internationale (UMI 2958), 2-3 rue Marconi, Metz 57070, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Aubry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peugeot Citro\u00ebn PSA, 75 Avenue de la Grande Arm\u00e9e, Paris 75116, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech Lorraine, Georgia Tech- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit\u00e9 Mixte Internationale (UMI 2958), 2-3 rue Marconi, Metz 57070, France"},{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Salvestrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech Lorraine, Georgia Tech- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit\u00e9 Mixte Internationale (UMI 2958), 2-3 rue Marconi, Metz 57070, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, LMOPS EA 4423, 2 rue E. Belin, 57070 Metz, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdallah","family":"Ougazzaden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech Lorraine, Georgia Tech- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit\u00e9 Mixte Internationale (UMI 2958), 2-3 rue Marconi, Metz 57070, France"},{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"779","article-title":"NOx reduction by using UREA injection and marine ferromanganese nodule as SCR of a Diesel engine fulled with pongamia pinnata methyl ester","volume":"3","author":"Ghosh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Eng. Res"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kato, N., Nakagaki, K., and Ina, N. (1996). 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