{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T07:36:22Z","timestamp":1780385782522,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11352830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11352830"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The association between volatile compounds (VCs) and microorganisms, as demonstrated by several studies, may offer the ground for a rapid identification of pathogens. To this regard, chemical sensors are a key enabling technology for the exploitation of this opportunity. In this study, we investigated the performance of an array of porphyrin-coated quartz microbalance gas sensors in the identification of a panel of 12 bacteria and fungi. The porphyrins were metal complexes and the free base of a functionalized tetraphenylporphyrin. Our results show that the sensor array distinguishes the VC patterns produced by microorganisms in vitro. Besides being individually identified, bacteria are also sorted into Gram-positive and Gram-negative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16040466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T10:31:20Z","timestamp":1459506680000},"page":"466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Identification of a Large Pool of Microorganisms with an Array of Porphyrin Based Gas Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"Zetola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Private Bag, Gaborone 0022, Botswana"},{"name":"Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, P.O. Box AC 157 ACH, Gaborone 0022, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chawangwa","family":"Modongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, P.O. Box AC 157 ACH, Gaborone 0022, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keikantse","family":"Matlhagela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Private Bag, Gaborone 0022, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enoch","family":"Sepako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Private Bag, Gaborone 0022, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ogopotse","family":"Matsiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, P.O. 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