{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:59:58Z","timestamp":1777539598782,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]],"date-time":"2016-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant No.21104032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No.21104032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"he Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","award":["No. BK2011413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. BK2011413"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["No. 1104020505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 1104020505"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nitrogen-doped carbon dots are introduced as a novel substrate suitable for enzyme immobilization in electrochemical detection metods. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots are easily synthesised from polyacrylamide in just one step. With the help of the amino group on chitosan, glucose oxidase is immobilized on nitrogen-doped carbon dots-modified carbon glassy electrodes by amino-carboxyl reactions. The nitrogen-induced charge delocalization at nitrogen-doped carbon dots can enhance the electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of O2. The specific amino-carboxyl reaction provides strong and stable immobilization of GOx on electrodes. The developed biosensor responds efficiently to the presence of glucose in serum samples over the concentration range from 1 to 12 mM with a detection limit of 0.25 mM. This novel biosensor has good reproducibility and stability, and is highly selective for glucose determination under physiological conditions. These results indicate that N-doped quantum dots represent a novel candidate material for the construction of electrochemical biosensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16050630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]],"date-time":"2016-05-04T10:07:08Z","timestamp":1462356428000},"page":"630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots as A New Substrate for Sensitive Glucose Determination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0401-6985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanxu","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science &amp; Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science &amp; Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiangjiang","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science &amp; Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science &amp; Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Science &amp; Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science &amp; Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12736","DOI":"10.1021\/ja040082h","article-title":"Electrophoretic analysis and purification of fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube fragments","volume":"126","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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