{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T21:05:48Z","timestamp":1761599148036,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]],"date-time":"2016-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The collaborative project support for technology and education\u201d of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["Y426473231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y426473231"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper proposes an improved artificial bee colony algorithm named Weighted Global ABC (WGABC) algorithm, which is designed to improve the convergence speed in the search stage of solution search equation. The new method not only considers the effect of global factors on the convergence speed in the search phase, but also provides the expression of global factor weights. Experiment on benchmark functions proved that the algorithm can improve the convergence speed greatly. We arrive at the gas diffusion concentration based on the theory of CFD and then simulate the gas diffusion model with the influence of buildings based on the algorithm. Simulation verified the effectiveness of the WGABC algorithm in improving the convergence speed in optimal deployment scheme of gas sensors. Finally, it is verified that the optimal deployment method based on WGABC algorithm can improve the monitoring efficiency of sensors greatly as compared with the conventional deployment methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16060888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]],"date-time":"2016-06-16T10:23:20Z","timestamp":1466072600000},"page":"888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Weighted Global Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Makes Gas Sensor Deployment Efficient"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziqing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanhai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianming","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Dorigo, M., Maniezzo, V., Colorni, A., and Maniezzo, V. (1991). Positive Feedback as a Search Strategy, Politecnico di Milano. Technical Report No. 91-016."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Karaboga, D. (2005). An Idea Based on Honey Bee Swarm for Numerical Optimization, Computer Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Erciyes University. Technical Report-tr06."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1109\/79.543973","article-title":"Genetic algorithms and their applications","volume":"13","author":"Tang","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dorigo, M., and St\u00fczle, T. (2004). Ant Colony Optimization, MIT Press.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1290.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12968","DOI":"10.3390\/s140712968","article-title":"Improved artificial bee colony algorithm based gravity matching navigation method","volume":"14","author":"Gao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14158","DOI":"10.3390\/s121014158","article-title":"Developing a reading concentration monitoring system by applying an artificial bee colony algorithm to e-books in an intelligent classroom","volume":"12","author":"Hsu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"116","article-title":"Optimization of distribution network configuration for loss reduction using artificial bee colony algorithm","volume":"1","author":"Rao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. Eng."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.3390\/s16030304","article-title":"Classification of E-nose aroma data of four fruit types by ABC-based neural network","volume":"16","author":"Adak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Karaboga, D., Akay, B., and Ozturk, C. (2007). Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, Springer."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Karaboga, D., and Basturk, B. (2007). Foundations of Fuzzy Logic and Soft Computing, Springer."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2008.09.001","article-title":"An artificial bee colony algorithm for the leaf-constrained minimum spanning tree problem","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2010.01.020","article-title":"Artificial bee colony algorithm for small signal model parameter extraction of MESFET","volume":"23","author":"Sabat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Int."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruc.2009.03.001","article-title":"Structural inverse analysis by hybrid simplex artificial bee colony algorithms","volume":"87","author":"Kang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comput. Struct."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.07.015","article-title":"A modified artificial bee colony algorithm for real-parameter optimization","volume":"192","author":"Akay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amc.2010.08.049","article-title":"Gbest-guided artificial bee colony algorithm for numerical function optimization","volume":"217","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Comput."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Shah, H., Ghazali, R., and Nawi, N.M. (2013). Intelligent Information and Database Systems, Springer."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garg, N.K., Jadon, S.S., Sharma, H., and Palwalia, D.K. (2013, January 26\u201328). Gbest-artificial bee colony algorithm to solve load flow problem. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving, Maharashtra, India.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-1768-8_47"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.05.048","article-title":"Gbest guided artificial bee colony algorithm for environmental\/economic dispatch considering wind power","volume":"40","author":"Jadhav","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Zhang, D., Guan, X., Tang, Y., and Tang, Y. (2011). 3rd International Workshop on Intelligent Systems and Applications, IEEE."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.02.042","article-title":"Chaotic bee colony algorithms for global numerical optimization","volume":"37","author":"Alatas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruc.2012.10.017","article-title":"Identification of structural models using a modified Artificial Bee Colony algorithm","volume":"116","author":"Sun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput. Struct."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1002\/stc.1619","article-title":"Simultaneous identification of structural parameters and dynamic input with incomplete output-only measurements","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Struct. Control Health Monit."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/mice.12142","article-title":"A hybrid optimization algorithm with bayesian inference for probabilistic model updating","volume":"30","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput. Aided Civ. Infrastruct. Eng."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125034","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/24\/12\/125034","article-title":"Optimal sensor placement in structural health monitoring using discrete optimization","volume":"24","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Smart Mater."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"6107","article-title":"A novel artificial bee colony-based algorithm for solving the numerical optimization problems","volume":"8","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Comput. Inf. Control."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2011.06.007","article-title":"A modified artificial bee colony algorithm","volume":"39","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"13785","article-title":"Multilevel thresholding selection based on the artificial bee colony algorithm for image segmentation","volume":"38","author":"Horng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cam.2012.01.013","article-title":"A global best artificial bee colony algorithm for global optimization","volume":"236","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Comput. Appl. Math."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2010.12.001","article-title":"A modified artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm for constrained optimization problems","volume":"11","author":"Karaboga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2010.11.025","article-title":"The best-so-far selection in artificial bee colony algorithm","volume":"11","author":"Banharnsakun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEE.2012.00034","article-title":"Improved artificial bee colony algorithm with mutual learning","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Syst. Eng. Electron."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.04.024","article-title":"Rosenbrock artificial bee colony algorithm for accurate global optimization of numerical functions","volume":"181","author":"Kang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2009.12.008","article-title":"Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) for multi-objective design optimization of composite structures","volume":"11","author":"Omkar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"108","article-title":"A comparative study of artificial bee colony algorithm","volume":"214","author":"Karaboga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Math."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"687","article-title":"An artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm for numeric function optimization","volume":"8","author":"Basturk","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Swarm Int. Symp."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2007.05.007","article-title":"On the performance of artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm","volume":"8","author":"Karaboga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10898-007-9149-x","article-title":"A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm","volume":"39","author":"Karaboga","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Glob. Optim."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23697","DOI":"10.3390\/s141223697","article-title":"Deployment-based lifetime optimization model for homogeneous wireless sensor network under retransmission","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6610","DOI":"10.3390\/s120506610","article-title":"Energy performance assessment of virtualization technologies using small environmental monitoring sensors","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2008.05.038","article-title":"Clustering strategies for improving the lifetime of two-tiered sensor networks","volume":"31","author":"Bari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comput. Commun."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16763","DOI":"10.3390\/s150716763","article-title":"Node deployment algorithm based on connected tree for underwater sensor networks","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-013-1024-6","article-title":"Approximation schemes for load balanced clustering in wireless sensor networks","volume":"68","author":"Kuila","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Supercomput."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan1020086","article-title":"Dynamic deployment of wireless sensor networks by biogeography based optimization algorithm","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Sens. Actuator Netw."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Dhawan, A., Vu, C.T., Zelikovsky, A., Li, Y., and Prasad, S.K. (2006, January 19\u201320). Maximum lifetime of sensor networks with adjustable sensing range. Proceedings of the Seventh ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel\/Distributed Computing, Las Vegas, NV, USA."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.07.123","article-title":"A risk-based approach to flammable gas detector spacing","volume":"159","author":"DeFriend","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2012.05.010","article-title":"A stochastic programming approach for gas detector placement using CFD-based dispersion simulations","volume":"47","author":"Legg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Miyata, E., and Mori, S. Optimization of Gas Detector Locations by Application of Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling Tools. Available online: http:\/\/www.sumitomo-chem.co.jp\/english\/rd\/report\/theses\/vol-2011---i-2011531-issue.html#report_title7."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"ERPG-2. Available online: https:\/\/www.aiha.org\/get-involved\/AIHAGuidelineFoundation\/EmergencyResponsePlanningGuidelines\/Pages\/default.aspx."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1080\/17445302.2012.713219","article-title":"A methodology for determining efficient gas detector locations on offshore installations","volume":"8","author":"Seo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ships Offshore Struct."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akay, B., and Karaboga, D. (2009, January 5\u20137). Parameter tuning for the artificial bee colony algorithm. Proceedings of the First International Conference, ICCCI 2009, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04441-0_53"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/16\/6\/888\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:25:32Z","timestamp":1760210732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/16\/6\/888"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["s16060888"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s16060888","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]]}}}