{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:20:00Z","timestamp":1760242800088,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61571162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61571162"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Ministry of Public Security Foundation","award":["2015GABJC38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015GABJC38"]}]},{"name":"Major National Science and Technology Project","award":["2015ZX03004002-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015ZX03004002-004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cognitive radio can significantly improve the spectrum efficiency, and spectrum handoff is considered as an important functionality to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) of primary users (PUs) and the continuity of data transmission of secondary users (SUs). In this paper, we propose an analytical framework based on a preemptive repeat identical (PRI) M\/G\/1 queuing network model to characterize spectrum handoff behaviors with general service time distribution of both primary and secondary connections, multiple interruptions and transmission delay resulting from the appearance of primary connections. Then, we derive the close-expression of the extended data delivery and the system sojourn time in both staying and changing scenarios. In addition, based on analysis of spectrum handoff behaviors resulting from multiple interruptions caused by the appearance of the primary connections, we investigate the traffic-adaptive policy, by which the considered SU will optimally adjust its handoff spectrum policy. Moreover, we investigate the admissible region and provide the reference for designing the admission control rule for the arriving secondary connection requests. Finally, simulation results verify that our proposed analytical framework is reasonable and can provide the reference for executing the optimal spectrum handoff strategy and designing the admission control rule for the SU in cognitive radio networks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16071127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T09:45:15Z","timestamp":1469007915000},"page":"1127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Spectrum Handoffs Based on Preemptive Repeat Priority Queue in Cognitive Radio Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9536-0281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuezhi","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6076-0261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaabouch, N., and Hu, W.C. 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