{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:35:23Z","timestamp":1785432923945,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]],"date-time":"2016-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper describes the surface-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) pillar arrays for enhancing cell alignment and contraction force in cardiomyocytes. The PDMS micropillar (\u03bcpillar) arrays with microgrooves (\u03bcgrooves) were fabricated using a unique micro-mold made using SU-8 double layer processes. The spring constant of the \u03bcpillar arrays was experimentally confirmed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). After culturing cardiac cells on the two different types of \u03bcpillar arrays, with and without grooves on the top of \u03bcpillar, the characteristics of the cardiomyocytes were analyzed using a custom-made image analysis system. The alignment of the cardiomyocytes on the \u03bcgrooves of the \u03bcpillars was clearly observed using a DAPI staining process. The mechanical force generated by the contraction force of the cardiomyocytes was derived from the displacement of the \u03bcpillar arrays. The contraction force of the cardiomyocytes aligned on the \u03bcgrooves was 20% higher than that of the \u03bcpillar arrays without \u03bcgrooves. The experimental results prove that applied geometrical stimulus is an effective method for aligning and improving the contraction force of cardiomyocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16081258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]],"date-time":"2016-08-09T09:14:10Z","timestamp":1470734050000},"page":"1258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Biomechanical Characterization of Cardiomyocyte Using PDMS Pillar with Microgrooves"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Nomin-Erdene","family":"Oyunbaatar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deok-Hyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swati","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eung-Sam","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Weon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-015-1686-y","article-title":"The human cardiac and skeletal muscle proteomes defined by transcriptomics and antibody-based profiling","volume":"16","author":"Lindskog","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kita-Matsuo, H., Barcova, M., Prigozhina, N., Salomonis, N., Wei, K., Jacot, J.G., Nelson, B., Spiering, S., Haverslag, R., and Kim, C. 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