{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T07:24:10Z","timestamp":1769239450042,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]],"date-time":"2016-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a wireless mid-infrared spectroscopy sensor network was designed and implemented for carbon dioxide fertilization in a greenhouse environment. A mid-infrared carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor based on non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) with the functionalities of wireless communication and anti-condensation prevention was realized as the sensor node. Smart transmission power regulation was applied in the wireless sensor network, according to the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), to realize high communication stability and low-power consumption deployment. Besides real-time monitoring, this system also provides a CO2 control facility for manual and automatic control through a LabVIEW platform. According to simulations and field tests, the implemented sensor node has a satisfying anti-condensation ability and reliable measurement performance on CO2 concentrations ranging from 30 ppm to 5000 ppm. As an application, based on the Fuzzy proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) algorithm realized on a LabVIEW platform, the CO2 concentration was regulated to some desired concentrations, such as 800 ppm and 1200 ppm, in 30 min with a controlled fluctuation of &lt;\u00b135 ppm in an acre of greenhouse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16111941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]],"date-time":"2016-11-21T11:16:05Z","timestamp":1479726965000},"page":"1941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Wireless Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Sensor Network for Automatic Carbon Dioxide Fertilization in a Greenhouse Environment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jianing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xintao","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingjiao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuantao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"},{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiding","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2015.01.005","article-title":"Effectiveness of gaseous CO2 fertilizer application in China\u2019s greenhouses between 1982 and 2010","volume":"11","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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