{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:23:35Z","timestamp":1777476215206,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MI, Korea, No. 10047943)","award":["10047943"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10047943"]}]},{"name":"BK21 Plus project funded by the Ministry of Education, Korea","award":["21A20131600011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21A20131600011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The initial detection of dental caries is an essential biomedical requirement to barricade the progression of caries and tooth demineralization. The objective of this study is to introduce an optical frequency-domain imaging technique based quantitative evaluation method to calculate the volume and thickness of enamel residual, and a quantification method was developed to evaluate the total intensity fluctuation in depth direction owing to carious lesions, which can be favorable to identify the progression of dental caries in advance. The cross-sectional images of the ex vivo tooth samples were acquired using 1.3 \u03bcm spectral domain optical coherence tomography system (SD-OCT). Moreover, the advantages of the proposed method over the conventional dental inspection methods were compared to highlight the potential capability of OCT. As a consequence, the threshold parameters obtained through the developed method can be used as an efficient investigating technique for the initial detection of demineralization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s16122076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T10:07:17Z","timestamp":1481018837000},"page":"2076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Bio-Photonic Detection and Quantitative Evaluation Method for the Progression of Dental Caries Using Optical Frequency-Domain Imaging Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ruchire","family":"Wijesinghe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}]},{"given":"Nam","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary(MEEI), 243, Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, 243, Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}]},{"given":"Kibeom","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}]},{"given":"Mansik","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}]},{"given":"Jeehyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60031-2","article-title":"Dental caries","volume":"369","author":"Selwitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1159\/000077753","article-title":"Changing paradigms in concepts on dental caries: Consequences for oral health care","volume":"38","author":"Fejerskov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Caries Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.21.3.1397467","article-title":"A comparison of conventional intra-oral radiography and computer imaging techniques for the detection of proximal surface dental caries","volume":"21","author":"Dove","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac. 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