{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:07:28Z","timestamp":1782932848584,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,19]],"date-time":"2017-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002081","name":"Irish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EPSPG\/2011\/343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EPSPG\/2011\/343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002081","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14\/SP\/2740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14\/SP\/2740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12\/RC\/2302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/RC\/2302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A miniature sensor for accurate measurement of pressure (depth) with temperature compensation in the ocean environment is described. The sensor is based on an optical fibre Extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) combined with a Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG). The EFPI provides pressure measurements while the Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) provides temperature measurements. The sensor is mechanically robust, corrosion-resistant and suitable for use in underwater applications. The combined pressure and temperature sensor system was mounted on-board a mini remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) in order to monitor the pressure changes at various depths. The reflected optical spectrum from the sensor was monitored online and a pressure or temperature change caused a corresponding observable shift in the received optical spectrum. The sensor exhibited excellent stability when measured over a 2 h period underwater and its performance is compared with a commercially available reference sensor also mounted on the ROV. The measurements illustrates that the EFPI\/FBG sensor is more accurate for depth measurements (depth of ~0.020 m).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17020406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]],"date-time":"2017-02-20T11:07:24Z","timestamp":1487588844000},"page":"406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["An Optical Fibre Depth (Pressure) Sensor for Remote Operated Vehicles in Underwater Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2009-9709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinesh","family":"Duraibabu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Fibre Sensors Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3234-9349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Poeggel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Fibre Sensors Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9692-239X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edin","family":"Omerdic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mobile &amp; Marine Robotics Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romano","family":"Capocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mobile &amp; Marine Robotics Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4174-7090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elfed","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Fibre Sensors Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3375-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Newe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Fibre Sensors Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"},{"name":"Mobile &amp; Marine Robotics Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2448-4428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Leen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Fibre Sensors Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3601-9216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Toal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mobile &amp; Marine Robotics Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard","family":"Dooly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mobile &amp; Marine Robotics Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1006\/ofte.1996.0036","article-title":"A Review of Recent Developments in Fiber Optic Sensor Technology","volume":"2","author":"Kersey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Opt. 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