{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T06:33:34Z","timestamp":1783406014046,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]],"date-time":"2017-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["51607178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51607178"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015M581882"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015M581882"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010242","name":"Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1601260C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1601260C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, an elimination method of the temperature-induced linear birefringence (TILB) in a stray current sensor is proposed using the cylindrical spiral fiber (CSF), which produces a large amount of circular birefringence to eliminate the TILB based on geometric rotation effect. First, the differential equations that indicate the polarization evolution of the CSF element are derived, and the output error model is built based on the Jones matrix calculus. Then, an accurate search method is proposed to obtain the key parameters of the CSF, including the length of the cylindrical silica rod and the number of the curve spirals. The optimized results are 302 mm and 11, respectively. Moreover, an effective factor is proposed to analyze the elimination of the TILB, which should be greater than 7.42 to achieve the output error requirement that is not greater than 0.5%. Finally, temperature experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the elimination method. The results indicate that the output error caused by the TILB can be controlled less than 0.43% based on this elimination method within the range from \u221220 \u00b0C to 40 \u00b0C.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17030551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]],"date-time":"2017-03-09T11:12:17Z","timestamp":1489057937000},"page":"551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An Elimination Method of Temperature-Induced Linear Birefringence in a Stray Current Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shaoyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"},{"name":"School of Information and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xuzhou College of Industrial Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruilin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianghui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRD.2006.874561","article-title":"Assessment of grounding schemes on rail potential and stray currents in a dc transit system","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Power Del."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3569","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2013.2265093","article-title":"Effects of vehicle running mode on rail potential and stray current in DC mass transit systems","volume":"62","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2004.842462","article-title":"Stray current control in DC mass transit systems","volume":"54","author":"Cotton","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16632","DOI":"10.3390\/s150716632","article-title":"Fiber optic Fabry-Perot current sensor integrated with magnetic fluid using a fiber Bragg grating demodulation","volume":"15","author":"Xia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.3390\/s16111800","article-title":"An optical fiber sensor and its application in UAVs for current measurements","volume":"16","author":"Delgado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8423","DOI":"10.3390\/s140508423","article-title":"A high-sensitivity current sensor utilizing CrNiwire and microfiber coils","volume":"14","author":"Xie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3709","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2014.2357687","article-title":"Temperature and vibration robustness of reflecting all-fiber current sensor using common single-mode fiber","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1109\/50.983241","article-title":"Temperature and vibration insensitive fiber-optic current sensor","volume":"20","author":"Bohnert","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2016.06.013","article-title":"Statistical modeling of fiber optic current transducer","volume":"92","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.55.000673","article-title":"Magnetic field sensor using the fiber loop ring-down technique and an etched fiber coated with magnetic fluid","volume":"55","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4751","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.39.004751","article-title":"Effect and elimination of alignment error in an optical fiber current sensor","volume":"39","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11985","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.011985","article-title":"Polarimetric current sensor based on polarization division multiplexing detection","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1109\/50.548146","article-title":"Twisting and annealing optical fiber for current sensors","volume":"14","author":"Rose","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2013.2272974","article-title":"Fiber optic current sensor based on special spun highly birefringent fiber","volume":"25","author":"Peng","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2005.07.015","article-title":"Faraday mirror-typed optical current transformers and its theoretical analysis","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt. Laser Technol."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1023","article-title":"Influence of bias angle of Faraday mirror upon polarization state of output light of FMOCT","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Photonica Sinica"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00619638","article-title":"The rotation of the polarization in low birefringence monomode optical fibers due to geometric effects","volume":"16","author":"Ross","year":"1984","journal-title":"Opt. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1109\/50.552122","article-title":"Rotation of the polarization plane in optical fibers","volume":"15","author":"Frins","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.45.001951","article-title":"Cancellation of bending-induced birefringence in single-mode fibers: Application to Faraday sensors","volume":"45","author":"Perciante","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Liao, Y.B., and Li, M. (2013). Fiber Optics, Tsinghua University Publisher. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/10739149.2015.1086784","article-title":"Novel optical current sensor for metering and protection in high power applications","volume":"44","author":"Nascimento","year":"2016","journal-title":"Instrum. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.30.001176","article-title":"Temperature dependence of the Verdet constant in several diamagnetic glasses","volume":"30","author":"Williams","year":"1991","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/17\/3\/551\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:30:08Z","timestamp":1760207408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/17\/3\/551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["s17030551"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s17030551","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]]}}}