{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:05:39Z","timestamp":1785452739221,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]],"date-time":"2017-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union Horizon 2020. Marie Sklodowska-Curie Programme","award":["641794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["641794"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The challenge of promoting behavioral changes in users that leads to energy savings in public buildings has become a complex task requiring the involvement of multiple technologies. Wireless sensor networks have a great potential for the development of tools, such as serious games, that encourage acquiring good energy and healthy habits among users in the workplace. This paper presents the development of a serious game using CAFCLA, a framework that allows for integrating multiple technologies, which provide both context-awareness and social computing. Game development has shown that the data provided by sensor networks encourage users to reduce energy consumption in their workplace and that social interactions and competitiveness allow for accelerating the achievement of good results and behavioral changes that favor energy savings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17040826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]],"date-time":"2017-04-11T11:41:42Z","timestamp":1491910902000},"page":"826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings through Context-Aware Social Computing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"\u00d3scar","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Research Group, Edificio I+D+I, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6599-0186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Research Group, Edificio I+D+I, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8175-2201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Research Group, Edificio I+D+I, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2829-1829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Corchado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Research Group, Edificio I+D+I, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Barbu, A.D., Griffiths, N., and Morton, G. (2013). Achieving energy efficiency through behaviour change: What does it take?. EEA Technical Report, European Environment Agency. No 5\/2013."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2014.2341600","article-title":"Energy-efficient information and communication infrastructures in the smart grid: A survey on interactions and open issues","volume":"17","author":"Mouftah","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2014.01.036","article-title":"Saving energy in an office environment: A serious game intervention","volume":"74","author":"Orland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2009.08.009","article-title":"The dark side of occupants\u2019 behaviour on building energy use","volume":"42","author":"Masoso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.03.027","article-title":"A review on optimized control systems for building energy and comfort management of smart sustainable buildings","volume":"34","author":"Shaikh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2012.09.005","article-title":"Energy intelligent buildings based on user activity: A survey","volume":"56","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"605","article-title":"Wireless sensor networks for monitoring of large public buildings","volume":"46","author":"Dermibas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Comput. Netw."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armesto, J., S\u00e1nchez-Villanueva, C., Pati\u00f1o-Cambeiro, F., and Pati\u00f1o-Barbeito, F. (2016). Indoor Multi-Sensor Acquisition System for Projects on Energy Renovation of Buildings. Sensors, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/s16060785"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13458","DOI":"10.3390\/s121013458","article-title":"Building Environment Analysis Based on Temperature and Humidity for Smart Energy Systems","volume":"12","author":"Yun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9582","DOI":"10.3390\/s140609582","article-title":"How can We Tackle Energy Efficiency in IoT Based Smart Buildings?","volume":"14","author":"Moreno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2015.03.004","article-title":"Towards more effective behavioural energy policy: An integrative modelling approach to residential energy consumption in Europe","volume":"7","author":"Lopes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Res. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916513506442","article-title":"Increasing energy efficiency with entertainment media an experimental and field test of the influence of a social game on performance of energy behaviors","volume":"47","author":"Reeves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Behav."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2016, June 17). IBM City One. Available online: http:\/\/www-01.ibm.com\/software\/solutions\/soa\/innov8\/cityone."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2011.125","article-title":"Eco-feedback on the go: Motivating energy awareness","volume":"44","author":"Spagnolli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1145\/1658866.1658873","article-title":"Evaluation of a pervasive game for domestic energy engagement among teenagers","volume":"7","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comput. Entertain."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2764921","article-title":"Context-Aware Automated Analysis and Annotation of Social Human\u2013Agent Interactions","volume":"5","author":"Baur","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Interact. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hardy, S., El Saddik, A., G\u00f6bel, S., and Steinmetz, R. (2011, January 30\u201331). Context aware serious games framework for sport and health. Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Workshop on Medical Measurements and Applications Proceedings (MeMeA), Bari, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/MeMeA.2011.5966775"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12473","DOI":"10.3390\/s120912473","article-title":"Unobstructive Body Area Networks (BAN) for efficient movement monitoring","volume":"12","author":"Felisberto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9900","DOI":"10.3390\/s140609900","article-title":"Monitoring and detection platform to prevent anomalous situations in home care","volume":"14","author":"Villarrubia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13955","DOI":"10.3390\/s140813955","article-title":"Ambient agents: embedded agents for remote control and monitoring using the PANGEA platform","volume":"14","author":"Villarrubia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Curran, K. (2014). CAFCLA: A framework to design, develop and deploy AmI-based collaborative learning applications. Recent Advances in Ambient Intelligence and Context-Aware Computing, IGI Global. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.2190\/EC.51.3.e","article-title":"Location-Based Learning through Augmented Reality","volume":"51","author":"Chou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Educ. Comput. Res."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"895","article-title":"Agent-based virtual organization architecture","volume":"24","author":"Bajo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026362829781","article-title":"Converging conventions of comfort, cleanliness and convenience","volume":"26","author":"Shove","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Consum. Policy"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2013.06.121","article-title":"Energy saving behaviours: Development of a practice-based model","volume":"61","author":"Sweeney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"(2016, June 13). Energy Efficiency\u2014The First Fuel for the EU Economy. How to Drive New Finance for Energy Efficiency Investments. Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/energy\/sites\/ener\/files\/documents\/Final%20Report%20EEFIG%20v%209.1%2024022015%20clean%20FINAL%20sent.pdf."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2013.11.046","article-title":"Increasing energy efficiency in low-income households through targeting awareness and behavioral change","volume":"67","author":"Vassileva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2015.07.679","article-title":"Case Study of Smart Meter and In-home Display for Residential Behavior Change in Shanghai","volume":"75","author":"Yan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Proced."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2015.06.130","article-title":"Using in-home displays to provide smart meter feedback about household electricity consumption: A randomized control trial comparing kilowatts, cost, and social norms","volume":"90","author":"Schultz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2015.03.052","article-title":"Ranking appliance energy efficiency in households: Utilizing smart meter data and energy efficiency frontiers to estimate and identify the determinants of appliance energy efficiency in residential buildings","volume":"99","author":"Kavousian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2013.11.020","article-title":"Smart metering for residential energy efficiency: The use of community based social marketing for behavioural change and smart grid introduction","volume":"67","author":"Anda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.09.084","article-title":"Improving the energy efficiency of the existing building stock: A critical review of commercial and institutional buildings","volume":"53","author":"Ruparathna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2008.09.023","article-title":"Altering existing buildings in the UK","volume":"36","author":"Roberts","year":"2008","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.03.037","article-title":"A literature survey on measuring energy usage for miscellaneous electric loads in offices and commercial buildings","volume":"34","author":"Kamilaris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"79","article-title":"The potential for energy reduction in UK commercial offices through effective management and behaviour change","volume":"10","author":"Mulville","year":"2014","journal-title":"Archit. Eng. Des. Manag."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2015.07.010","article-title":"A case study on the individual energy use of personal computers in an office setting and assessment of various feedback types toward energy savings","volume":"104","author":"Kamilaris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2015.02.045","article-title":"Energy behaviors at the office: An intervention study on the use of equipment","volume":"146","author":"Nilsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1080\/17508975.2014.960357","article-title":"Providing persuasive feedback through interactive posters to motivate energy-saving behaviours","volume":"7","author":"Tetlow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intell. Build. Int."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1145\/950566.950596","article-title":"Digital game-based learning","volume":"1","author":"Prensky","year":"2003","journal-title":"Comput. Entertain."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1177\/1052562913509219","article-title":"Serious games for sustainable development","volume":"37","author":"Katsaliaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Manag. Educ."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"143","article-title":"Delta3D: A complete open source game and simulation engine for building military training systems","volume":"3","author":"McDowell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Def. Model. Simul. Appl. Methodol. Technol."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"7","article-title":"Why so serious? On the relation of serious games and learning","volume":"4","author":"Breuer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eludamos"},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Susi, T., Johannesson, M., and Backlund, P. (2007). Serious Games: An Overview. IKI Technical Reports, HS-IKI-TR-07-001, Institutionen f\u00f6r Kommunikation och Information."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.09.004","article-title":"Supporting Human Capital development with Serious Games: An analysis of three experiences","volume":"30","author":"Earp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00054","article-title":"Recommendations for the use of Serious Games in people with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, related disorders and frailty","volume":"6","author":"Robert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.8819","article-title":"Systematic review of serious games for medical education and surgical skills training","volume":"99","author":"Graafland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2010.08.002","article-title":"Designing educational software with students through collaborative design games: The We!Design&Play framework","volume":"56","author":"Triantafyllakos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2010.10.002","article-title":"Teachers and game-based learning: Improving understanding of how to increase efficacy of adoption","volume":"56","author":"Ketelhut","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bang, M., Svahn, M., and Gustafsson, A. (2009, January 1\u20134). Persuasive design of a mobile energy conservation game with direct feedback and social cues. Proceedings of the 2009 DiGRA International Conference: Breaking New Ground: Innovation in Games, Play, Practice and Theory, London, UK.","DOI":"10.26503\/dl.v2009i1.483"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Madeira, R.N., Silva, A., Santos, C., Teixeira, B., Rom\u00e3o, T., Dias, E., and Correia, N. (2011, January 8\u201311). LEY!: persuasive pervasive gaming on domestic energy consumption-awareness. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, ACE 2011, Lisbon, Portugal.","DOI":"10.1145\/2071423.2071512"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"102","article-title":"Exploring the use of a game to stimulate energy saving in households","volume":"14","author":"Geelen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Des. Res."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wouters, P., Van der Spek, E.D., and Van Oostendorp, H. (2009). Current practices in serious game research: A review from a learning outcomes perspective. Games-Based Learning Advancements for Multi-Sensory Human Computer Interfaces: Techniques and Effective Practices, IGI Global.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-60566-360-9.ch014"},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Corti, K. (2006). Games-Based Learning: A Serious Business Application, PixelLearning."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1177\/1555412014548919","article-title":"Can Serious Games Contribute to Developing and Sustaining 21st Century Skills?","volume":"10","author":"Romero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Games Cult."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2013.59","article-title":"Understanding and Changing Behavior [Guest editors\u2019 introduction]","volume":"12","author":"Salah","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Pervasive Comput."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.03.004","article-title":"A systematic literature review of empirical evidence on computer games and serious games","volume":"59","author":"Connolly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas, B., and Cook, D. (2016). Activity-Aware Energy-Efficient Automation of Smart Buildings. Energies, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/en9080624"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2013.2252356","article-title":"Semantic Context-Aware Service Composition for Building Automation System","volume":"10","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamienski, C., Borelli, F., Biondi, G., Rosa, W., Pinheiro, I., Zyrianoff, I., and Pramudianto, F. (2015, January 14\u201316). Context-aware energy efficiency management for smart buildings. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE 2nd World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), Milan, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/WF-IoT.2015.7389139"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3246","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2524501","article-title":"A Low-Cost Indoor Localization System for Energy Sustainability in Smart Buildings","volume":"16","author":"Moreno","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Aloia, M., Cortone, F., Cice, G., Russo, R., Rizzi, M., and Longo, A. (2016, January 13\u201314). Improving energy efficiency in building system using a novel people localization system. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Workshop on Environmental, Energy, and Structural Monitoring Systems (EESMS), Bari, Italy.","DOI":"10.1109\/EESMS.2016.7504811"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s007790170019","article-title":"Understanding and Using Context","volume":"5","author":"Dey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pers. Ubiquitous Comput."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3991\/ijim.v3i1.680","article-title":"Survey on Context-Aware Pervasive Learning Environments","volume":"3","author":"Laine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"239","article-title":"Ambient intelligence and collaborative e-learning: a new definition model","volume":"3","author":"Tapia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"101","article-title":"Context-Aware Mobile Role Playing Game for Learning\u2014A Case of Canada and Taiwan","volume":"17","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Educ. Technol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.11.019","article-title":"A collaborative game-based learning approach to improving students\u2019 learning performance in science courses","volume":"63","author":"Sung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2014.11.011","article-title":"Machine training and parameter settings with social emotional optimization algorithm for support vector machine","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2012.10.008","article-title":"Knowledge acquisition and the rise of social machines","volume":"71","author":"Shadbolt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2012.10.031","article-title":"Intelligent Biomedic Organizations: An Intelligent Dynamic Architecture for KDD","volume":"224","author":"Bajo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcs.2014.01.024","article-title":"Security Testing Methodology for Vulnerabilities Detection of XSS in Web Services and WS-Security","volume":"302","author":"Salas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2003.1167344","article-title":"Amazon.com recommendations: Item-to-item collaborative filtering","volume":"7","author":"Linden","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Comput."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"Von Ahn, L., Blum, M., Hopper, N.J., and Langford, J. (2003, January 4\u20138). Captcha: Telling humans and computers apart automatically. Proceedings of the Eurocrypt 2003, International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, Warsaw, Poland."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu, L., Rui, H., and Whinston, A. (2011, January 4\u20137). A twitter-based prediction market: Social network approach. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems 2011 (ICIS 2011), Shanghai, China.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2047846"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda, O., Alonso, R.S., Guevara, F., Sancho, D., S\u00e1nchez, M., and Bajo, J. (2011, January 6\u20138). ARTIZT: Applying ambient intelligence to a museum guide scenario. Proceedings of the Ambient Intelligence-Software and Applications, 2nd International Symposium on Ambient Intelligence (ISAmI 2011), Salamanca, Spain.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19937-0_22"},{"key":"ref_75","unstructured":"(2017, February 20). n-Core Platform. Available online: http:\/\/www.nebusens.com\/en\/products\/n-core."},{"key":"ref_76","unstructured":"(2017, February 20). Polaris RTLS. Available online: http:\/\/www.nebusens.com\/en\/products\/polaris."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1177\/109434200101500302","article-title":"The anatomy of the grid: enabling scalable virtual organizations","volume":"15","author":"Foster","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. High. Perform. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"ref_78","unstructured":"Boella, G., Hulstijn, J., and van der Torre, L. (2005, January 3\u20136). Virtual Organizations as Normative Multiagent Systems. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences HICSS 2005, Maui, HI, USA."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zato, C., Villarrubia, G., S\u00e1nchez, A., Barri, I., Rubi\u00f3n, E., Fern\u00e1ndez, A., Rebate, C., Cabo, J.A., \u00c1lamos, T., and Sanz, J. (2012, January 28\u201330). PANGEA\u2014Platform for Automatic Construction of Organizations of Intelligent Agents. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence (DCAI), Salamanca, Spain.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-28765-7_27"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.08.080","article-title":"A fuzzy nearest neighbor neural network statistical model for predicting demand for natural gas and energy cost savings in public buildings","volume":"41","author":"Rodger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"(2017, February 21). Cloogy. Available online: http:\/\/www.cloogy.com\/media\/30958\/brochura_cloogy_residential_en.pdf."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/17\/4\/826\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:32:24Z","timestamp":1760207544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/17\/4\/826"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["s17040826"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s17040826","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]}}}