{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T07:00:45Z","timestamp":1774422045315,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,14]],"date-time":"2017-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare","award":["HI15C3051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI15C3051"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","award":["2016R1C1B1016088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016R1C1B1016088"]}]},{"name":"the Nano Material Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korea Government (MSIP)","award":["NRF-2014M3A7B4051907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2014M3A7B4051907"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The detection of dopamine in a highly sensitive and selective manner is crucial for the early diagnosis of a number of neurological diseases\/disorders. Here, a report on a new platform for the electrochemical detection of dopamine with a considerable accuracy that comprises a 3D porous graphene oxide (pGO)\/gold nanoparticle (GNP)\/pGO composite-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) is presented. The pGO was first synthesized and purified by ultrasonication and centrifugation, and it was then further functionalized on the surface of a GNP-immobilized ITO electrode. Remarkably, owing to the synergistic effects of the pGO and GNPs, the 3D pGO-GNP-pGO-modified ITO electrode showed a superior dopamine-detection performance compared with the other pGO- or GNP-modified ITO electrodes. The linear range of the newly developed sensing platform is from 0.1 \u03bcM to 30 \u03bcM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.28 \u03bcM, which is more precise than the other previously reported GO-functionalized electrodes. Moreover, the 3D pGO-GNP-pGO-modified ITO electrodes maintained their detection capability even in the presence of several interfering molecules (e.g., ascorbic acid, glucose). The proposed platform of the 3D pGO-GNP-pGO-modified ITO electrode could therefore serve as a competent candidate for the development of a dopamine-sensing platform that is potentially applicable for the early diagnosis of various neurological diseases\/disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17040861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,18]],"date-time":"2017-04-18T11:22:04Z","timestamp":1492514524000},"page":"861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine Using 3D Porous Graphene Oxide\/Gold Nanoparticle Composites"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sung-Sik","family":"Choo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea"}]},{"given":"Ee-Seul","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea"}]},{"given":"Inbeom","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea"}]},{"given":"Donghyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Woo","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04109, Korea"}]},{"given":"Tae-Hyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10023","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504657102","article-title":"Real-time measurement of dopamine fluctuations after cocaine in the brain of behaving rats","volume":"102","author":"Heien","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. 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