{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:12:01Z","timestamp":1760242321783,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61604044","61571196"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61604044","61571196"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou, China","award":["201604010030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201604010030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, a low cost Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transceiver for wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, with a receiver (RX) matching network reusing power amplifier (PA) load inductor, is presented. In order to decrease the die area, only two inductors were used in this work. Besides the one used in the voltage control oscillator (VCO), the PA load inductor was reused as the RX impedance matching component in the front-end. Proper controls have been applied to achieve high transmitter (TX) input impedance when the transceiver is in the receiving mode, and vice versa. This allows the TRX-switch\/matching network integration without significant performance degradation. The RX adopted a low-IF structure and integrated a single-ended low noise amplifier (LNA), a current bleeding mixer, a 4th complex filter and a delta-sigma continuous time (CT) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The TX employed a two-point PLL-based architecture with a non-linear PA. The RX achieved a sensitivity of \u221293 dBm and consumes 9.7 mW, while the TX achieved a 2.97% error vector magnitude (EVM) with 9.4 mW at 0 dBm output power. This design was fabricated in a 0.11 \u03bcm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and the front-end circuit only occupies 0.24 mm2. The measurement results verify the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed BLE transceiver for WSN applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17040895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T10:22:01Z","timestamp":1492597321000},"page":"895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Low Cost BLE Transceiver with RX Matching Network Reusing PA Load Inductor for WSNs Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"},{"name":"Rising Micro Electronics Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mo","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanqi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"},{"name":"Rising Micro Electronics Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"},{"name":"Rising Micro Electronics Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fangming","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang 330013, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24818","DOI":"10.3390\/s151024818","article-title":"A Survey on Energy Conserving Mechanisms for the Internet of Things: Wireless Networking Aspects","volume":"15","author":"Abbas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerruela, G.G., Luque, R.I., and G\u00f3meznieto, M.\u00c1. 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