{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T22:20:46Z","timestamp":1770416446486,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"NSFC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51508460; 11402187\uff1b51178390; 51408481\uff1b61405160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51508460; 11402187\uff1b51178390; 51408481\uff1b61405160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Post-Doctoral Science Foundation","award":["2015M570838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015M570838"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["2016JQ5017; 2013JQ7003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016JQ5017; 2013JQ7003"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research Fund of Shaanxi Province","award":["2016BSHB083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016BSHB083"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"SRF for ROCS, SEM","award":["2013-025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013-025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The protection of concrete structures against corrosion in marine environments has always been a challenge due to the presence of a saline solution\u2014A natural corrosive agent to the concrete paste and steel reinforcements. The concentration of salt is a key parameter influencing the rate of corrosion. In this paper, we propose an optical fiber-based salinity sensor based on bundled multimode plastic optical fiber (POF) as a sensor probe and a concave mirror as a reflector in conjunction with an intensity modulation technique. A refractive index (RI) sensing approach is analytically investigated and the findings are in agreement with the experimental results. A maximum sensitivity of 14,847.486\/RIU can be achieved at RI = 1.3525. The proposed technique is suitable for in situ measurement and monitoring of salinity in liquid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17050962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T11:44:18Z","timestamp":1493898258000},"page":"962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["In-Fiber Optic Salinity Sensing: A Potential Application for Offshore Concrete Structure Protection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Dong","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an JiaoTong University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an JiaoTong University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanchao","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an JiaoTong University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianxun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an JiaoTong University, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hangzhou","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photonics Research Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18515","DOI":"10.3390\/s141018515","article-title":"Temperature Sensing in Seawater Based on Microfiber Knot Resonator","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.5539\/jsd.v5n6p74","article-title":"Investigation of salinity effect on compressive strength of reinforced concrete","volume":"5","author":"Emmanuel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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