{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T23:22:46Z","timestamp":1785280966506,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]],"date-time":"2017-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education of Malaysia under Fundamental Research Grant Scheme","award":["FRGS\/1\/2015\/SG01\/UPM\/02\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2015\/SG01\/UPM\/02\/15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this research work, electrochemical biosensor was fabricated based on immobilization of tyrosinase onto graphene-decorated gold nanoparticle\/chitosan (Gr-Au-Chit\/Tyr) nanocomposite-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for the detection of phenolic compounds. The nanocomposite film was constructed via solution casting method. The electrocatalytic activity of the proposed biosensor for phenol detection was studied using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Experimental parameters such as pH buffer, enzyme concentration, ratio of Gr-Au-Chit, accumulation time and potential were optimized. The biosensor shows linearity towards phenol in the concentration range from 0.05 to 15 \u03bcM with sensitivity of 0.624 \u03bcA\/\u03bcM and the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.016 \u03bcM (S\/N = 3). The proposed sensor also depicts good reproducibility, selectivity and stability for at least one month. The biosensor was compared with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the detection of phenol spiked in real water samples and the result is in good agreement and comparable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17051132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]],"date-time":"2017-05-16T11:42:11Z","timestamp":1494934931000},"page":"1132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Biosensor Based on Tyrosinase Immobilized on Graphene-Decorated Gold Nanoparticle\/Chitosan for Phenolic Detection in Aqueous"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fuzi","family":"Fartas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9686-4804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaafar","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"},{"name":"Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nor","family":"Yusof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"},{"name":"Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1841-2447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusran","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"},{"name":"Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd","family":"Saiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.4236\/ajac.2014.53023","article-title":"Determination of Phenol and Chlorophenols at Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes\/Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene ) modified Glassy Carbon Electrode Using Flow Injection Amperometry","volume":"5","author":"Negash","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. 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