{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T05:10:56Z","timestamp":1774329056871,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]],"date-time":"2017-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We present an innovative electrochemical probe for the monitoring of pH, redox potential and conductivity in near-field rocks of deep geological radioactive waste repositories. The probe is composed of a monocrystalline antimony electrode for pH sensing, four AgCl\/Ag-based reference or Cl\u2212 selective electrodes, one Ag2S\/Ag-based reference or S2\u2212 selective electrode, as well as four platinum electrodes, a gold electrode and a glassy-carbon electrode for redox potential measurements. Galvanostatic electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy using AgCl\/Ag-based and platinum electrodes measure conductivity. The use of such a multi-parameter probe provides redundant information, based as it is on the simultaneous behaviour under identical conditions of different electrodes of the same material, as well as on that of electrodes made of different materials. This identifies the changes in physical and chemical parameters in a solution, as well as the redox reactions controlling the measured potential, both in the solution and\/or at the electrode\/solution interface. Understanding the electrochemical behaviour of selected materials thus is a key point of our research, as provides the basis for constructing the abacuses needed for developing robust and reliable field sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17061372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,14]],"date-time":"2017-06-14T03:19:32Z","timestamp":1497410372000},"page":"1372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Multi-Parametric Device with Innovative Solid Electrodes for Long-Term Monitoring of pH, Redox-Potential and Conductivity in a Nuclear Waste Repository"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jordan","family":"Daoudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Water, Environment and Eco-technologies, BRGM French Geological Survey, 45060 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Betelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water, Environment and Eco-technologies, BRGM French Geological Survey, 45060 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Tzedakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Bertrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monitoring and Data Processing Department (DRD\/MTD), ANDRA French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency, 92290 Ch\u00e2tenay Malabry, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5753-7376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Ignatiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water, Environment and Eco-technologies, BRGM French Geological Survey, 45060 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2008.09.012","article-title":"\u201cGeo\u201dchemical research: A key building block for nuclear waste disposal safety cases","volume":"102","author":"Altmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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