{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T20:41:15Z","timestamp":1776372075497,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,9]],"date-time":"2017-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the preparation and electrochemical application of a chromium(III) oxide modified carbon paste electrode (Cr-CPE) and a screen printed electrode (SPE), made from the same material and optimized for the simple, cheap and sensitive simultaneous determination of zinc, cadmium, lead, copper and the detection of silver ions, is described. The limits of detection and quantification were 25 and 80 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Zn(II), 3 and 10 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Cd(II), 3 and 10 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Pb(II), 3 and 10 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Cu(II), and 3 and 10 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Ag(I), respectively. Furthermore, this promising modification was transferred to the screen-printed electrode. The limits of detection for the simultaneous determination of zinc, cadmium, copper and lead on the screen printed electrodes were found to be 350 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Zn(II), 25 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Cd(II), 3 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Pb(II) and 3 \u00b5g\u00b7L\u22121 for Cu(II). Practical usability for the simultaneous detection of these heavy metal ions by the Cr-CPE was also demonstrated in the analyses of wastewaters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17081832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,10]],"date-time":"2017-08-10T02:33:58Z","timestamp":1502332438000},"page":"1832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Determination of Zinc, Cadmium, Lead, Copper and Silver Using a Carbon Paste Electrode and a Screen Printed Electrode Modified with Chromium(III) Oxide"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zuzana","family":"Koudelkova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Syrovy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Graphic Arts and Photophysics, University of Pardubice Doubravice 41, Pardubice CZ\u2013533 53, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Cs. Legii square 565, Pardubice CZ\u201353002, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Pavlina","family":"Ambrozova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geology and Pedology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ\u2013613 00, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Zdenek","family":"Moravec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno CZ\u201361137, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Lubomir","family":"Kubac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Cs. Legii square 565, Pardubice CZ\u201353002, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Centre for Organic Chemistry Ltd., Rybitvi 296, Rybitvi CZ\u2013533 54, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hynek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8288-3999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Richtera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Vojtech","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alloway, B.J. 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