{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T05:18:41Z","timestamp":1761110321914,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,17]],"date-time":"2017-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This work was supported by Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MEST) 2015R1A2A1A05000977, National Research Foundation (NRF), Republic of Korea","award":["2015R1A2A1A05000977"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015R1A2A1A05000977"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we study the emergence of topological interference alignment and the characterizing features of a multi-user broadcast interference relay channel. We propose an alternative transmission strategy named the relay space-time interference alignment (R-STIA) technique, in which a    K   -user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) interference channel has massive antennas at the transmitter and relay. Severe interference from unknown transmitters affects the downlink relay network channel and degrades the system performance. An additional (unintended) receiver is introduced in the proposed R-STIA technique to overcome the above problem, since it has the ability to decode the desired signals for the intended receiver by considering cooperation between the receivers. The additional receiver also helps in recovering and reconstructing the interference signals with limited channel state information at the relay (CSIR). The Alamouti space-time transmission technique and minimum mean square error (MMSE) linear precoder are also used in the proposed scheme to detect the presence of interference signals. Numerical results show that the proposed R-STIA technique achieves a better performance in terms of the bit error rate (BER) and sum-rate compared to the existing broadcast channel schemes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17081896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,21]],"date-time":"2017-08-21T04:12:17Z","timestamp":1503288737000},"page":"1896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Topological Interference Management for K-User Downlink Massive MIMO Relay Network Channel"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5288-9820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poongundran","family":"Selvaprabhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5100-1343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunil","family":"Chinnadurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}]},{"given":"Moon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2013.2285216","article-title":"Space-time interference alignment and degree-of-freedom regions for the MISO broadcast channel with periodic CSI feedback","volume":"60","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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