{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T12:50:39Z","timestamp":1784292639855,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]],"date-time":"2017-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The pipeline inspection using a device called Pipeline Inspection Gauge (PIG) is safe and reliable when the PIG is at low speeds during inspection. We built a Testing Laboratory, containing a testing loop and supervisory system to study speed control techniques for PIGs. The objective of this work is to present and validate the Testing Laboratory, which will allow development of a speed controller for PIGs and solve an existing problem in the oil industry. The experimental methodology used throughout the project is also presented. We installed pressure transducers on pipeline outer walls to detect the PIG\u2019s movement and, with data from supervisory, calculated an average speed of 0.43 m\/s. At the same time, the electronic board inside the PIG received data from odometer and calculated an average speed of 0.45 m\/s. We found an error of 4.44%, which is experimentally acceptable. The results showed that it is possible to successfully build a Testing Laboratory to detect the PIG\u2019s passage and estimate its speed. The validation of the Testing Laboratory using data from the odometer and its auxiliary electronic was very successful. Lastly, we hope to develop more research in the oil industry area using this Testing Laboratory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17092119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]],"date-time":"2017-09-15T10:22:10Z","timestamp":1505470930000},"page":"2119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["PIG\u2019s Speed Estimated with Pressure Transducers and Hall Effect Sensor: An Industrial Application of Sensors to Validate a Testing Laboratory"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8584-9868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua Ant\u00f4nia de Lima Paiva, 155, Nova Esperan\u00e7a, Parnamirim CEP 59143-455, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0867-4080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua Ant\u00f4nia de Lima Paiva, 155, Nova Esperan\u00e7a, Parnamirim CEP 59143-455, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renan","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o e Automa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal, Caixa postal 1524 CEP 59078-970, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Maitelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o e Automa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal, Caixa postal 1524 CEP 59078-970, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5650-3668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o e Automa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal, Caixa postal 1524 CEP 59078-970, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Tiratsoo, J.N.H. (1992). Pipeline Pigging Technology, Gulf Publishing Company. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Pereira, C.G. (2012). Estudo e Simula\u00e7\u00e3o de um Sistema de Controle de Velocidade de PIGs, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Nguyen, T.T., Yoo, H.R., Rho, Y.W., and Kim, S.B. (2001, January 12\u201316). Speed Control of PIG Using Bypass Flow in Natural Gas Pipeline. Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Pusan, Korea."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4158(01)00022-8","article-title":"Robotic system with active steering capability for internal inspection of urban gas pipeline","volume":"12","author":"Choi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mechatronics"},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Russell, D. (2016, April 14). Pigging in Pipeline Pre-Commissioning. 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Available online: http:\/\/www.newtoncbraga.com.br\/."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/17\/9\/2119\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:44:58Z","timestamp":1760208298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/17\/9\/2119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"alternative-id":["s17092119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s17092119","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]]}}}