{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:35:48Z","timestamp":1761676548681,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the modified Cram\u00e9r-Rao lower bounds (MCRLBs) on the joint estimation of target position and velocity is investigated for a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS)-based passive multistatic radar system with antenna arrays. First, we analyze the log-likelihood redfunction of the received signal for a complex Gaussian extended target. Then, due to the non-deterministic transmitted data symbols, the analytically closed-form expressions of the MCRLBs on the Cartesian coordinates of target position and velocity are derived for a multistatic radar system with     N t     UMTS-based transmit station of     L t     antenna elements and     N r     receive stations of     L r     antenna elements. With the aid of numerical simulations, it is shown that increasing the number of receiving elements in each receive station can reduce the estimation errors. In addition, it is demonstrated that the MCRLB is not only a function of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the number of receiving antenna elements and the properties of the transmitted UMTS signals, but also a function of the relative geometric configuration between the target and the multistatic radar system.The analytical expressions for MCRLB will open up a new dimension for passive multistatic radar system by aiding the optimal placement of receive stations to improve the target parameter estimation performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17102379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T11:10:00Z","timestamp":1508325000000},"page":"2379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Performance Analysis for Joint Target Parameter Estimation in UMTS-Based Passive Multistatic Radar with Antenna Arrays Using Modified Cram\u00e9r-Rao Lower Bounds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2507-2954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenguang","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Salous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3DE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianjiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., and Stoica, P. 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