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The numerical results obtained by applying these models to a short-range position measurement application, with a maximum operating distance of approximately 50 cm, are compared. Based on the results of this comparison, a prototype 9-sensor array is developed, experimental tests are performed, and extensive measurement results are presented. Outcomes show the feasibility of tracking the position and orientation of a mobile coil in real time with a median positioning error below 1 cm and a worst-case error of about 2 cm and 11 degrees inside a spatial region of 30 \u00d7 30 \u00d7 30 cm3 operational volume.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17112527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]],"date-time":"2017-11-03T12:39:20Z","timestamp":1509712760000},"page":"2527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Comparison of Measurement Models for 3D Magnetic Localization and Tracking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2557-349X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"De Angelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regione Umbria, 06124 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"De Angelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Moschitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2016.2516822","article-title":"Positioning Techniques in Indoor Environments Based on Stochastic Modeling of UWB Round-Trip-Time Measurements","volume":"17","author":"Moschitta","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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