{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:30:03Z","timestamp":1777458603217,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]],"date-time":"2017-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mapping crop patterns with remote sensing data is of great importance for agricultural production, food security and agricultural sustainability. In this paper, a hierarchical clustering method was proposed to map cropping frequency from time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Enhanced Vegetation Indices (EVI) data and the spatial and temporal patterns of cropping frequency from 2001 to 2015 in Hubei Province of China were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) The total double crop areas decreased slightly, while total single crop areas decreased significantly during 2001 and 2015; (2) The transfer between double crop and single crop was frequent in Hubei with about 11~15% croplands changed their cropping frequency every 5 years; (3) The crop system has obvious regional differentiation for their change trend at the county level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17112622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]],"date-time":"2017-11-14T10:58:32Z","timestamp":1510657112000},"page":"2622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of Cropping Frequency in Hubei Province over 2001\u20132015"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jianbin","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis & Simulation of Hubei Province\/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture\/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis & Simulation of Hubei Province\/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19703","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701976104","article-title":"Global food security under climate change","volume":"104","author":"Schmidhuber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. 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