{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:23:44Z","timestamp":1762917824035,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,8]],"date-time":"2017-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Good chemical selectivity of sensors for detecting vapour traces of targeted molecules is vital to reliable detection systems for explosives and other harmful materials. We present the design, construction and measurements of the electronic response of a 16 channel electronic nose based on 16 differential microcapacitors, which were surface-functionalized by different silanes. The e-nose detects less than 1 molecule of TNT out of 10+12 N2 molecules in a carrier gas in 1 s. Differently silanized sensors give different responses to different molecules. Electronic responses are presented for TNT, RDX, DNT, H2S, HCN, FeS, NH3, propane, methanol, acetone, ethanol, methane, toluene and water. We consider the number density of these molecules and find that silane surfaces show extreme affinity for attracting molecules of TNT, DNT and RDX. The probability to bind these molecules and form a surface-adsorbate is typically 10+7 times larger than the probability to bind water molecules, for example. We present a matrix of responses of differently functionalized microcapacitors and we propose that chemical selectivity of multichannel e-nose could be enhanced by using artificial intelligence deep learning methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17122845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,8]],"date-time":"2017-12-08T11:37:40Z","timestamp":1512733060000},"page":"2845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Chemical Selectivity and Sensitivity of a 16-Channel Electronic Nose for Trace Vapour Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Drago","family":"Strle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, EE dep., Tr\u017ea\u0161ka 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8709-9853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogdan","family":"\u0160tefane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ve\u010dna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Trifkovi\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, EE dep., Tr\u017ea\u0161ka 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Van Miden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Kvasi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Zupani\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Mu\u0161evi\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11877","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00187","article-title":"Multivariable Sensors for Ubiquitous Monitoring of Gases in the Era of Internet of Things and Industrial Internet","volume":"116","author":"Potyrailo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1021\/ac402961t","article-title":"Micro fabricated Gas Chromatograph for Rapid, Trace-Level Determination of Gas-Phase Explosive Marker Compounds","volume":"86","author":"Collin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. 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