{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:31:38Z","timestamp":1761744698309,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]],"date-time":"2017-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we propose an adaptive single differential coherent detection (SDCD) scheme for the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals in IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In particular, the residual carrier frequency offset effect (CFOE) for differential detection is adaptively estimated, with only linear operation, according to the changing channel conditions. It was found that the carrier frequency offset (CFO) and chip signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions do not need a priori knowledge. This partly benefits from that the combination of the trigonometric approximation sin \u2212 1 ( x ) \u2248 x and a useful assumption, namely, the asymptotic or high chip SNR, is considered for simplification of the full estimation scheme. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve an accurate estimation and the detection performance can completely meet the requirement of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, although with a little loss of reliability and robustness as compared with the conventional optimal single-symbol detector.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]],"date-time":"2017-12-26T11:13:23Z","timestamp":1514286803000},"page":"52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Simple Adaptive Single Differential Coherence Detection of BPSK Signals in IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3374-4092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaoyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Longye","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"},{"name":"School of Engineering and Technology, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Runfa","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"IEEE 802.15.4-2011 Standard (2011). 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