{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:29:15Z","timestamp":1792081755961,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]],"date-time":"2018-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China and 675 the Civil Aviation Administration of China","award":["Grant U1733110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant U1733110"]}]},{"name":"Overseas Academic Training 676 Funds, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","award":["Grant 201506075013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 201506075013"]}]},{"name":"the Program for Science and Technology Support in Sichuan Province","award":["Grant 2014GZ0100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 2014GZ0100"]}]},{"name":"the Program for Science and Technology Support in Sichuan Province","award":["Grant 2016GZ0088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 2016GZ0088"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The water source, as a significant body of the earth, with a high value, serves as a hot topic to study Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs). Various applications can be realized based on UWSNs. Our paper mainly concentrates on the localization algorithms based on the acoustic communication for UWSNs. An in-depth survey of localization algorithms is provided for UWSNs. We first introduce the acoustic communication, network architecture, and routing technique in UWSNs. The localization algorithms are classified into five aspects, namely, computation algorithm, spatial coverage, range measurement, the state of the nodes and communication between nodes that are different from all other survey papers. Moreover, we collect a lot of pioneering papers, and a comprehensive comparison is made. In addition, some challenges and open issues are raised in our paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]],"date-time":"2018-01-03T12:00:06Z","timestamp":1514980806000},"page":"67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Research on Localization Algorithms Based on Acoustic Communication for Underwater Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8435-007X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junhai","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueting","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.14257\/ijgdc.2014.7.6.04","article-title":"A survey on data aggregation and clustering schemes in underwater sensor networks","volume":"7","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. 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