{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:39:57Z","timestamp":1774417197858,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, residual frequency estimation methods are traditionally applied in the synchronization block to reduce the transient time from acquisition to tracking, or they are used within the frequency estimator to improve its accuracy in open-loop architectures. There are several disadvantages in the current estimation methods, including sensitivity to noise and wide search space size. This paper proposes a new residual frequency estimation method depending on differential processing. Although the complexity of the proposed method is higher than the one of traditional methods, it can lead to more accurate estimates, without increasing the size of the search space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T11:52:47Z","timestamp":1515066767000},"page":"119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Novel Residual Frequency Estimation Method for GNSS Receivers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Tu","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Collaboration Centre for Research and Development on Satellite Navigation Technology in South East Asia (NAVIS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinh","family":"La","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Collaboration Centre for Research and Development on Satellite Navigation Technology in South East Asia (NAVIS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tung","family":"Ta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Collaboration Centre for Research and Development on Satellite Navigation Technology in South East Asia (NAVIS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kaplan, E.D. 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