{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T18:32:42Z","timestamp":1777487562024,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]],"date-time":"2018-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61271441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61271441"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Asian Office of Aerospace Research \\&amp; Development (AOARD)\/AFRL","award":["FA2386-15-1-4066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA2386-15-1-4066"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Golay complementary waveforms can, in theory, yield radar returns of high range resolution with essentially zero sidelobes. In practice, when deployed conventionally, while high signal-to-noise ratios can be achieved for static target detection, significant range sidelobes are generated by target returns of nonzero Doppler causing unreliable detection. We consider signal processing techniques using Golay complementary waveforms to improve radar detection performance in scenarios involving multiple nonzero Doppler targets. A signal processing procedure based on an existing, so called, Binomial Design algorithm that alters the transmission order of Golay complementary waveforms and weights the returns is proposed in an attempt to achieve an enhanced illumination performance. The procedure applies one of three proposed waveform transmission ordering algorithms, followed by a pointwise nonlinear processor combining the outputs of the Binomial Design algorithm and one of the ordering algorithms. The computational complexity of the Binomial Design algorithm and the three ordering algorithms are compared, and a statistical analysis of the performance of the pointwise nonlinear processing is given. Estimation of the areas in the Delay\u2013Doppler map occupied by significant range sidelobes for given targets are also discussed. Numerical simulations for the comparison of the performances of the Binomial Design algorithm and the three ordering algorithms are presented for both fixed and randomized target locations. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed signal processing procedure has a better detection performance in terms of lower sidelobes and higher Doppler resolution in the presence of multiple nonzero Doppler targets compared to existing methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]],"date-time":"2018-01-11T13:36:15Z","timestamp":1515677775000},"page":"192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Golay Complementary Waveforms in Reed\u2013M\u00fcller Sequences for Radar Detection of Nonzero Doppler Targets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6296-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"},{"name":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuezhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaotao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Suvorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bill","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Richards, M.A. (2005). 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