{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:09:26Z","timestamp":1761808166069,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]],"date-time":"2018-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Road safety applications envisaged for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) depend largely on the dissemination of warning messages to deliver information to concerned vehicles. The intended applications, as well as some inherent VANET characteristics, make data dissemination an essential service and a challenging task in this kind of networks. This work lays out a decentralized stochastic solution for the data dissemination problem through two game-theoretical mechanisms. Given the non-stationarity induced by a highly dynamic topology, diverse network densities, and intermittent connectivity, a solution for the formulated game requires an adaptive procedure able to exploit the environment changes. Extensive simulations reveal that our proposal excels in terms of number of transmissions, lower end-to-end delay and reduced overhead while maintaining high delivery ratio, compared to other proposals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]],"date-time":"2018-01-22T04:51:13Z","timestamp":1516596673000},"page":"294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Game-Theoretical Design of an Adaptive Distributed Dissemination Protocol for VANETs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4428-5418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristhian","family":"Iza-Paredes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Network Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), C. Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Mezher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Network Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), C. Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6518-888X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Aguilar Igartua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Network Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), C. Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8401-3292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Forn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Network Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), C. Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2017, May 18). Global Status Report on Road Safety 2015. Available online: https:\/\/goo.gl\/sBQCC1."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"ETSI (2011). G5 standard\u2014Final draft ETSI ES 202 663 V1. 1.0, Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). European profile standard for the physical and medium access control layer of Intelligent Transport Systems operating in the 5 GHz frequency band. Technical Report, ETSI. Technical Report ETSI."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diekmann, A. (1984). Cooperation in an asymmetric volunteer\u2019s dilemma game Theory and experimental evidence. Social Dilemmas and Cooperation, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-78860-4_21"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naserian, M., and Tepe, K. 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