{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T15:50:00Z","timestamp":1780501800958,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]],"date-time":"2018-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Monitoring gait quality in daily activities through wearable sensors has the potential to improve medical assessment in Parkinson\u2019s Disease (PD). In this study, four gait partitioning methods, two based on thresholds and two based on a machine learning approach, considering the four-phase model, were compared. The methods were tested on 26 PD patients, both in OFF and ON levodopa conditions, and 11 healthy subjects, during walking tasks. All subjects were equipped with inertial sensors placed on feet. Force resistive sensors were used to assess reference time sequence of gait phases. Goodness Index (G) was evaluated to assess accuracy in gait phases estimation. A novel synthetic index called Gait Phase Quality Index (GPQI) was proposed for gait quality assessment. Results revealed optimum performance (G &lt; 0.25) for three tested methods and good performance (0.25 &lt; G &lt; 0.70) for one threshold method. The GPQI resulted significantly higher in PD patients than in healthy subjects, showing a moderate correlation with clinical scales score. Furthermore, in patients with severe gait impairment, GPQI was found higher in OFF than in ON state. Our results unveil the possibility of monitoring gait quality in PD through real-time gait partitioning based on wearable sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18030919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]],"date-time":"2018-03-20T06:57:11Z","timestamp":1521529031000},"page":"919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Measuring Gait Quality in Parkinson\u2019s Disease through Real-Time Gait Phase Recognition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1064-7962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Mileti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0747-831X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Germanotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, 20121 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrica","family":"Di Sipio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, 20121 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Imbimbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, 20121 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Pacilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Erra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orhopaedics, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8033-3785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Petracca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orhopaedics, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0006-7013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Engineering, Society and Business Organization (DEIM), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaccaria","family":"Del Prete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bentivoglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, 20121 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orhopaedics, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Padua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, 20121 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orhopaedics, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3213-8261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Palermo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taborri, J., Palermo, E., Rossi, S., and Cappa, P. 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