{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:24:33Z","timestamp":1762917873112,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51605133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51605133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science Foundation of China","award":["51705127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51705127"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China","award":["17394303D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17394303D"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["14JCYBJC42100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14JCYBJC42100"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Provincial High-level Personnel Funding","award":["E2014100015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2014100015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Small cracks are common defects in steel and often lead to catastrophic accidents in industrial applications. Various nondestructive testing methods have been investigated for crack detection; however, most current methods focus on qualitative crack identification and image processing. In this study, eddy current pulsed thermography (ECPT) was applied for quantitative crack detection based on derivative analysis of temperature variation. The effects of the incentive parameters on the temperature variation were analyzed in the simulation study. The crack profile and position are identified in the thermal image based on the Canny edge detection algorithm. Then, one or more trajectories are determined through the crack profile in order to determine the crack boundary through its temperature distribution. The slope curve along the trajectory is obtained. Finally, quantitative analysis of the crack sizes was performed by analyzing the features of the slope curves. The experimental verification showed that the crack sizes could be quantitatively detected with errors of less than 1%. Therefore, the proposed ECPT method was demonstrated to be a feasible and effective nondestructive approach for quantitative crack detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T12:32:20Z","timestamp":1522672340000},"page":"1070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Quantitative Detection of Cracks in Steel Using Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhanqun","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}]},{"given":"Jiaojiao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5047-3346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2017.06.001","article-title":"Comparison of magnetic nondestructive methods applied for inspection of steel degradation","volume":"91","author":"Takahashi","year":"2017","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s10921-016-0337-9","article-title":"The Influence of the heating rate and thermal energy on crack detection by eddy current thermography","volume":"35","author":"Siakavellas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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