{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T19:40:55Z","timestamp":1780083655024,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Safrole is the main precursor for producing the amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) drug, N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA), also known as ecstasy. We devise a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber-based quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for detecting safrole. The PAN nanofibers were fabricated by direct electrospinning to modify the QCM chips. The PAN nanofiber on the QCM chips has a diameter of 240 \u00b1 10 nm. The sensing of safrole by QCM modified with PAN nanofiber shows good reversibility and an apparent sensitivity of 4.6 Hz\u00b7L\/mg. The proposed method is simple, inexpensive, and convenient for detecting safrole, and can be an alternative to conventional instrumental analytical methods for general volatile compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T13:06:08Z","timestamp":1523365568000},"page":"1150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Sensitive Detection of Safrole"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7852-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya","family":"Rianjanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8163-4651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roto","family":"Roto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"},{"name":"Nanomaterial Research Group, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trisna","family":"Julian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shidiq","family":"Hidayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5459-4754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Kusumaatmaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"},{"name":"Nanomaterial Research Group, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eko","family":"Suyono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1466-4364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuwat","family":"Triyana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"},{"name":"Nanomaterial Research Group, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2017). 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