{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T04:32:00Z","timestamp":1771389120968,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The assessment of skills is essential and desirable in areas such as medicine, security, and other professions where mental, physical, and manual skills are crucial. However, often such assessments are performed by people called \u201cexperts\u201d who may be subjective and are able to consider a limited number of factors and indicators. This article addresses the problem of the objective assessment of driving style independent of circumstances. The proposed objective assessment of driving style is based on eight indicators, which are associated with the vehicle\u2019s speed, acceleration, jerk, engine rotational speed and driving time. These indicators are used to estimate three driving style criteria: safety, economy, and comfort. The presented solution is based on the embedded system designed according to the Internet of Things concept. The useful data are acquired from the car diagnostic port\u2014OBD-II\u2014and from an additional accelerometer sensor and GPS module. The proposed driving skills assessment method has been implemented and experimentally validated on a group of drivers. The obtained results prove the system\u2019s ability to quantitatively distinguish different driving styles. The system was verified on long-route tests for analysis and could then improve the driver\u2019s behavior behind the wheel. Moreover, the spider diagram approach that was used established a convenient visualization platform for multidimensional comparison of the result and comprehensive assessment in an intelligible manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T03:51:13Z","timestamp":1524023473000},"page":"1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["IoT On-Board System for Driving Style Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Jachimczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BetterSolutions S.A. Al. Grunwaldzka 103, 80-244 Gdansk, Poland"},{"name":"Blekinge Institute of Technology, Department of Applied Signal Processing, 371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Dziak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3DPLab Do Studzienki 28, 80-227 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Czapla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blekinge Institute of Technology, Department of Applied Signal Processing, 371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawel","family":"Damps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blekinge Institute of Technology, Department of Applied Signal Processing, 371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wlodek J.","family":"Kulesza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blekinge Institute of Technology, Department of Applied Signal Processing, 371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30653","DOI":"10.3390\/s151229822","article-title":"A Review of Intelligent Driving Style Analysis Systems and Related Artificial Intelligence Algorithms","volume":"15","author":"Meiring","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.5755\/j01.eie.23.4.18723","article-title":"Wireless Monitoring System for Fireman\u2019s Competence Objective Assessment","volume":"23","author":"Dziak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elektron. 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