{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:59:15Z","timestamp":1760241555825,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,4]],"date-time":"2018-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61272420","61472189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61272420","61472189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16ZR1409000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16ZR1409000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science &amp; Technology Support Project of Jiangxi Province","award":["GJJ150424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJJ150424"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We study the problem of employing a mobile-sink into a large-scale Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks (EWSNs) for the purpose of data harvesting from sensor-nodes. Generally, this employment improves the main weakness of WSNs that is about energy-consumption in battery-driven sensor-nodes. The main motivation of our work is to address challenges which are related to a network\u2019s topology by adopting a mobile-sink that moves in a predefined trajectory in the environment. Since, in this fashion, it is not possible to gather data from sensor-nodes individually, we adopt the approach of defining some of the sensor-nodes as Rendezvous Points (RPs) in the network. We argue that RP-planning in this case is a tradeoff between minimizing the number of RPs while decreasing the number of hops for a sensor-node that needs data transformation to the related RP which leads to minimizing average energy consumption in the network. We address the problem by formulating the challenges and expectations as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). Henceforth, by proving the NP-hardness of the problem, we propose three effective and distributed heuristics for RP-planning, identifying sojourn locations, and constructing routing trees. Finally, experimental results prove the effectiveness of our approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18051434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]],"date-time":"2018-05-07T03:12:21Z","timestamp":1525662741000},"page":"1434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A New Path-Constrained Rendezvous Planning Approach for Large-Scale Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7411-851X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmadreza","family":"Vajdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gongxuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7734-4077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junlong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7421-1711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongquan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianshu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2015.09.008","article-title":"Applications of wireless sensor networks for urban areas: A survey","volume":"60","author":"Rashid","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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