{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T14:25:44Z","timestamp":1788013544895,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,11]],"date-time":"2018-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61304036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61304036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014M562651, 2015T81132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014M562651, 2015T81132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China","award":["2015JJ3019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015JJ3019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In an idle light-load or a full-load condition, the change of the load mass of a suspension system is very significant. If the control parameters of conventional control methods remain unchanged, the suspension performance of the control system deteriorates rapidly or even loses stability when the load mass changes in a large range. In this paper, a real-time adaptive control method for a magnetic levitation system with large range of mass changes is proposed. First, the suspension control system model of the maglev train is built up, and the stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed. Then, a fast inner current-loop is used to simplify the design of the suspension control system, and an adaptive control method is put forward to ensure that the system is still in a stable state when the load mass varies in a wide range. Simulations and experiments show that when the load mass of the maglev system varies greatly, the adaptive control method is effective to suspend the system stably with a given displacement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18051512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,11]],"date-time":"2018-05-11T03:42:48Z","timestamp":1526010168000},"page":"1512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Real-Time Adaptive Control of a Magnetic Levitation System with a Large Range of Load Disturbance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhizhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Aerospace Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Intelligence Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2006.875842","article-title":"Review of maglev train technologies","volume":"42","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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