{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:25:49Z","timestamp":1776723949845,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Graphene Powder &amp; Composite Research Center of Fujian Province","award":["2017H2001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017H2001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["no. 2016J01233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 2016J01233"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["grant nos. 51373059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant nos. 51373059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ)-active polymer (PF), an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active polymer (PFTPE) and an aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE)-active polymer (PTTPE) were synthesized by tetraphenylethane (TPE), fluorene and thiophene moieties. Polyurethane (PU) foams modified by PF, PFTPE and PTTPE, namely PU-PF, PU-PFTPE and PU-PTTPE, using ultrasonication-assisted method have been prepared. A comparative study of PU-PF, PU-PFTPE and PU-PTTPE for detection explosives had been performed, and significant fluorescence quenching was observed with the introduction of PA solutions. The as-prepared PU-PF, PU-PFTPE and PU-PTTPE sensors exhibited a superior sensitivity for PA solutions with different concentrations. Remarkably, PU-PF gave a quenching efficiency of 96.2%, higher than 93.5% for PU-PFTPE and 86.7% for PU-PTTPE at a PA concentration of 180 \u00b5g\u00b7mL\u22121 in methanol, which was attributed to the effective energy transfer from the fluorophore (PF) to the nitro explosive (PA). This suggested that some ACQ polymers, applied to detect explosives, could afford better performances than AIE or AEE polymers through modification of structures and selection of adequate carriers. At the same time, these chemical sensors can be recycled many times.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18051565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T11:36:13Z","timestamp":1526384173000},"page":"1565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A Comparison of ACQ, AIE and AEE-Based Polymers Loaded on Polyurethane Foams as Sensors for Explosives Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China"}]},{"given":"Zhuxin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsauskog. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4392-8672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongxu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.20308","article-title":"Ion spectrometric detection technologies for ultra-traces of explosives: A review","volume":"30","author":"Nousiainen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mass Spectrom. 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