{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T06:35:26Z","timestamp":1763015726929,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["60874101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60874101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nonlinearity is a prominent limitation to the calibration performance for two-axis fluxgate sensors. In this paper, a novel nonlinear calibration algorithm taking into account the nonlinearity of errors is proposed. In order to establish the nonlinear calibration model, the combined effort of all time-invariant errors is analyzed in detail, and then harmonic decomposition method is utilized to estimate the compensation coefficients. Meanwhile, the proposed nonlinear calibration algorithm is validated and compared with a classical calibration algorithm by experiments. The experimental results show that, after the nonlinear calibration, the maximum deviation of magnetic field magnitude is decreased from 1302 nT to 30 nT, which is smaller than 81 nT after the classical calibration. Furthermore, for the two-axis fluxgate sensor used as magnetic compass, the maximum error of heading is corrected from 1.86\u00b0 to 0.07\u00b0, which is approximately 11% in contrast with 0.62\u00b0 after the classical calibration. The results suggest an effective way to improve the calibration performance of two-axis fluxgate sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18051659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]],"date-time":"2018-05-23T03:14:24Z","timestamp":1527045264000},"page":"1659","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Nonlinear Calibration Algorithm Based on Harmonic Decomposition for Two-Axis Fluxgate Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0979-4516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenguang","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shibin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1109\/5.736347","article-title":"Land-vehicle navigation using GPS","volume":"87","author":"Abbott","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. 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