{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T19:02:59Z","timestamp":1783537379894,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Advanced Sensor Networks SARChI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Advanced Sensor Networks SARChI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), in recent times, have become one of the most promising network solutions with a wide variety of applications in the areas of agriculture, environment, healthcare and the military. Notwithstanding these promising applications, sensor nodes in WSNs are vulnerable to different security attacks due to their deployment in hostile and unattended areas and their resource constraints. One of such attacks is the DoS jamming attack that interferes and disrupts the normal functions of sensor nodes in a WSN by emitting radio frequency signals to jam legitimate signals to cause a denial of service. In this work we propose a step-wise approach using a statistical process control technique to detect these attacks. We deploy an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) to detect anomalous changes in the intensity of a jamming attack event by using the packet inter-arrival feature of the received packets from the sensor nodes. Results obtained from a trace-driven simulation show that the proposed solution can efficiently and accurately detect jamming attacks in WSNs with little or no overhead.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18061691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T07:54:01Z","timestamp":1527148441000},"page":"1691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["A Statistical Approach to Detect Jamming Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Opeyemi","family":"Osanaiye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6486-2908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Attahiru S.","family":"Alfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4026-687X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard P.","family":"Hancke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6975","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2793841","article-title":"Denial of Service Defence for Resource Availability in Wireless Sensor Networks","volume":"6","author":"Osanaiye","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2012.121912.00006","article-title":"On the vital areas of intrusion detection systems in wireless sensor networks","volume":"15","author":"Abduvaliyev","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. 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