{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:10:21Z","timestamp":1761808221925,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]],"date-time":"2018-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Project)","award":["2014AA042001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014AA042001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Robust visual tracking is a significant and challenging issue in computer vision-related research fields and has attracted an immense amount of attention from researchers. Due to various practical applications, many studies have been done that have introduced numerous algorithms. It is considered to be a challenging problem due to the unpredictability of various real-time situations, such as illumination variations, occlusion, fast motion, deformation, and scale variation, even though we only know the initial target position. To address these matters, we used a kernelized-correlation-filter-based translation filter with the integration of multiple features such as histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) and color attributes. These powerful features are useful to differentiate the target from the surrounding background and are effective for motion blur and illumination variations. To minimize the scale variation problem, we designed a correlation-filter-based scale filter. The proposed adaptive model\u2019s updating and dynamic learning rate strategies based on a peak-to-sidelobe ratio effectively reduce model-drifting problems by avoiding noisy appearance changes. The experiment results show that our method provides the best performance compared to other methods, with a distance precision score of 79.9%, overlap success score of 59.0%, and an average running speed of 74 frames per second on the object tracking benchmark (OTB-2015).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18072046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,27]],"date-time":"2018-06-27T11:02:05Z","timestamp":1530097325000},"page":"2046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Online Model Updating and Dynamic Learning Rate-Based Robust Object Tracking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Md Mojahidul","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoqing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianbo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kim, M., Kumar, S., Pavlovic, V., and Rowley, H. 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