{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:49:59Z","timestamp":1769161799610,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["248001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["248001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pressure is an essential parameter for the normal function of almost all organs in the human body. Measurement of pressure is therefore highly important in clinical practice and medical research. In clinical practice, pressures are often measured indirectly through a fluid line where the pressure is transmitted from the organ of interest to a remote, externally localized transducer. This method has several limitations and is prone to artefacts from movements. Results from an in vitro bench study comparing the characteristics of two different sensor systems for bladder assessment are presented; a new cystometry system using a MEMS-based in-target organ sensor was compared with a conventional system using water-filled lines connected to external transducers. Robustness to measurement errors due to patient movement was investigated through response to forced vibrations. While the new cystometry system detected real changes in applied pressure for excitation frequencies ranging from 5 Hz to 25 Hz, such small and high-frequency stimuli were not transmitted through the water-filled line connected to the external transducer. The new sensor system worked well after a resilient test at frequencies up to 70 Hz. The in-target organ sensor system will offer new possibilities for long-term monitoring of in vivo pressure in general. This opens up the possibility for future personalized medical treatment and renders possible new health services and, thereby, an increased patient empowerment and quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18072128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T11:12:58Z","timestamp":1530616378000},"page":"2128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Measurement of Urinary Bladder Pressure: A Comparison of Methods"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ingelin","family":"Clausen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsystems and Nanotechnology, SINTEF Digital, NO-0314 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"given":"Lars Geir","family":"W. Tvedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsystems and Nanotechnology, SINTEF Digital, NO-0314 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Glott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HF, NO-1450 Nesoddtangen, Norway"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2012.2216262","article-title":"A novel fully implantable wireless sensor system for monitoring hypertension patients","volume":"59","author":"Cleven","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frischholz, M., Sarmento, L., Wenzel, M., Aquilina, K., Edwards, R., and Coakham, H.B. (2007, January 22\u201326). Telemetric implantable pressure sensor for short- and long-term monitoring of intracranial pressure. Proceedings of the 2007 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Lyon, France.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2007.4352337"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-4247(00)00426-X","article-title":"Initial investigations on systems for measuring intraocular pressure","volume":"85","author":"Schnakenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators A Phys."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Abbott (2018, May 01). How the Cardiomems\u2122 HF System Works. Available online: https:\/\/www.sjm.com\/en\/patients\/resources-and-support\/video-and-media\/cardiomems-patient-hf-system-how-it-works?alert=DeepLinkSoftAlert&clset=af584191-45c9-4201-8740-5409f4cf8bdd%3ab20716c1-c2a6-4e4c-844b-d0dd6899eb3a."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/00365590310022608","article-title":"Urinary incontinence-prevalence, impact on daily living and desire for treatment-a population-based study","volume":"38","author":"Andersson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00232-8","article-title":"A community-based epidemiological survey of female urinary incontinence: The norwegian epincont study","volume":"53","author":"Hannestad","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1673","article-title":"Ics teaching module: Cystometry","volume":"36","author":"Gomes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22881","article-title":"Ics teaching module: Artefacts in urodynamic pressure traces (basic module)","volume":"36","author":"Gammie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clausen, I., Tvedt, L.G.W., Hellandsvik, A., Rognlien, D.K.W., and Glott, T. (2017, January 11\u201315). An in vivo mems sensor system for percutaneous measurement of urinary bladder. Proceedings of the 2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Jeju Island, Korea.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2017.8037208"},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"(2018, May 01). Lifesaving Sensor for Full Bladders. Available online: https:\/\/www.sintef.no\/en\/latest-news\/lifesaving-sensor-for-full-bladders\/."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Clausen, I., Moe, S., Tvedt, L.G., Vogl, A.H., and Wang, D.T. (September, January 30). A miniaturized pressure sensor with inherent biofouling protection designed for in vivo applications. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Boston, MA, USA."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clausen, I., Tvedt, L.G.W., Moe, S., and Vogl, A. (2013, January 3\u20136). The effect of true human synovial fluid on the functionality of an in vivo pressure sensor element. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE Sensors, Baltimore, MD, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSENS.2013.6688571"},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"MMS (2018, May 01). Medical Measurement System. Available online: http:\/\/www.mmsinternational.com\/int\/."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"MATLAB (2018, May 01). Fft-fast Fourier Transform. Available online: https:\/\/se.mathworks.com\/help\/matlab\/ref\/fft.html#buuutyt-6."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Miller, F.P., Vandome, A.F., and McBrewster, J. (2010). Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Theorem: Aliasing, Sine Wave, Signal Processing, Nyquist Rate, Nyquist Frequency, Sampling Rate, Shannon-Hartley Theorem, Whittaker-Shannon Interpolation Formula, Reconstruction from Zero Crossings, Alphascript Publishing."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12633","article-title":"Urodynamic testing: Physiological background, setting-up, calibration and artefacts","volume":"114","author":"Raz","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJU Int."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/7\/2128\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:11:05Z","timestamp":1760195465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/7\/2128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["s18072128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18072128","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]]}}}