{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:31:09Z","timestamp":1772253069093,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a study of different types of parametric signals with application to underwater acoustic communications. In all the signals, the carrier frequency is 200 kHz, which corresponds to the resonance frequency of the transducer under study and different modulations are presented and compared. In this sense, we study modulations with parametric sine sweeps (4 to 40 kHz) that represent binary codes (zeros and ones), getting closer to the application in acoustic communications. The different properties of the transmitting signals in terms of bit rate reconstruction, directivity, efficiency, and power needed are discussed as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18072149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T12:23:02Z","timestamp":1530706982000},"page":"2149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Acoustic Parametric Signal Generation for Underwater Communication"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Campo-Valera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 per a la Gesti\u00f3 Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3199-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Ardid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 per a la Gesti\u00f3 Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5546-3748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00eddac D.","family":"Tortosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 per a la Gesti\u00f3 Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0038-5126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Felis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 per a la Gesti\u00f3 Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 per a la Gesti\u00f3 Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos D.","family":"Llorens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 per a la Gesti\u00f3 Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), 46730 Gandia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Hidroac\u00fastica (LHA), Centro Tecnol\u00f3gico Naval y del Mar (CTN), Ctra El Estrecho-Lobosillo, Km. 2, 30320 Fuente \u00c1lamo, Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1918525","article-title":"Parametric Acoustic Array","volume":"35","author":"Westervelt","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. 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