{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T22:51:13Z","timestamp":1769554273357,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,15]],"date-time":"2018-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2015R1D1A1A01059962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2015R1D1A1A01059962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are deployed in sensitive applications, such as in military and asset monitoring. In these applications, it is important to ensure good source location privacy. This is owing to the open nature of WSNs and the easiness of an adversary to eavesdrop on sensor communication and back trace the location of the source node. This paper proposes a scheme to preserve the source location privacy based on random routing techniques. To achieve high privacy, packets are randomly routed from the source to the sink node through strategically positioned mediate or diversion nodes. The random selection of mediate or diversion nodes is location-based. Depending on the location of the source node, packets are forwarded through different regions of the network. The proposed scheme guarantees that successive packets are routed through very different routing paths and adversaries find it confusing to back trace them to the source node location. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively confuses the adversary and provides higher source location privacy to outperform other routing-based source location privacy schemes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18072291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,16]],"date-time":"2018-07-16T04:05:33Z","timestamp":1531713933000},"page":"2291","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Strategic Location-Based Random Routing for Source Location Privacy in Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lilian C.","family":"Mutalemwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seokjoo","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirton, J., Bradbury, M.S., and Jhumka, A. 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Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, San Francisco, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCN.2009.5235216"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spachos, P., Toumpakaris, D., and Hatzinakos, D. (2014, January 18\u201321). Angle-based dynamic routing scheme for source location privacy in wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of the 79th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), Seoul, Korea.","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCSpring.2014.7022833"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"247","article-title":"Privacy preservation of source location using phantom nodes","volume":"448","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. New Gener."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23171","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2752179","article-title":"Constrained random routing mechanism for source privacy protection in WSNs","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laikin, J.F., Bradbury, M.S., Gu, C., and Leeke, M. (2016, January 14\u201316). Towards fake sources for source location privacy in wireless sensor networks with multiple sources. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems, Shenzhen, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCS.2016.7833572"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/7\/2291\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:12:16Z","timestamp":1760195536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/7\/2291"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,15]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["s18072291"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18072291","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,15]]}}}