{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T17:51:54Z","timestamp":1778694714376,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education through BK21 Plus project, South Korea","award":["21A20131600011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21A20131600011"]}]},{"name":"Bio and Medical Technology Development Program of the NRF through the Korean Government, MSIP","award":["2017M3A9E2065282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017M3A9E2065282"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The non-destructive classification of plant materials using optical inspection techniques has been gaining much recent attention in the field of agriculture research. Among them, a near-infrared (NIR) imaging method called optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a well-known agricultural inspection tool since the last decade. Here we investigated the non-destructive identification capability of OCT to classify diversely stained (with various staining agents) Capsicum annuum seed specimens of different cultivars. A swept source (SS-OCT) system with a spectral band of 1310 nm was used to image unstained control C. annuum seeds along with diversely stained Capsicum seeds, belonging to different cultivar varieties, such as C. annuum cv. PR Ppareum, C. annuum cv. PR Yeol, and C. annuum cv. Asia Jeombo. The obtained cross-sectional images were further analyzed for the changes in the intensity of back-scattered light (resulting due to dye pigment material and internal morphological variations) using a depth scan profiling technique to identify the difference among each seed category. The graphically acquired depth scan profiling results revealed that the control specimens exhibit less back-scattered light intensity in depth scan profiles when compared to the stained seed specimens. Furthermore, a significant back-scattered light intensity difference among each different cultivar group can be identified as well. Thus, the potential capability of OCT based depth scan profiling technique for non-destructive classification of diversely stained C. annum seed specimens of different cultivars can be sufficiently confirmed through the proposed scheme. Hence, when compared to conventional seed sorting techniques, OCT can offer multipurpose advantages by performing sorting of seeds in respective to the dye staining and provides internal structural images non-destructively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18082500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T11:22:34Z","timestamp":1533122554000},"page":"2500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Non-Destructive Classification of Diversely Stained Capsicum annuum Seed Specimens of Different Cultivars Using Near-Infrared Imaging Based Optical Intensity Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jyothsna Konkada","family":"Manattayil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication, Faculty of Engineering, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore 560029, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3712-5304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naresh Kumar","family":"Ravichandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyungpook National University, College of IT Engineering, School of Electronics Engineering, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruchire Eranga","family":"Wijesinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyungil University, 50, Gamasil-gil, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38428, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4488-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Faizan","family":"Shirazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung-Yeol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee-Young","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mansik","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyungpook National University, College of IT Engineering, School of Electronics Engineering, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeehyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyungpook National University, College of IT Engineering, School of Electronics Engineering, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1002913228101","article-title":"Genetic resources and breeding of capsicum spp.","volume":"96","author":"Pickersgill","year":"1997","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2014.08.003","article-title":"Fast method for capsaicinoids analysis from capsicum chinense fruits","volume":"64","author":"Sganzerla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Res. 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