{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T14:33:24Z","timestamp":1781188404915,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13525"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The human hand is important for the performance of activities of daily living which are directly related to quality of life. Various conditions, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) can affect the function of the human hand and wrist. The ability to assess the impairment in the hand and the wrist by measuring the range of motion (ROM), is essential for the development of effective rehabilitation protocols. Currently the clinical standard is the goniometer. In this study we explore the feasibility and reliability of an optical sensor (Leap motion sensor) in measuring active hand\/wrist ROM. We measured the hand\/wrist ROM of 20 healthy adults with the goniometer and the Leap motion sensor, in order to check the agreement between the two methods and additionally, we performed a test-retest of the Leap motion sensor with 12 of them, to assess its reliability. The results suggest low agreement between the goniometer and the leap motion sensor, yet showing a large decrease in measurement time and high reliability when using the later. Despite the low agreement between the two methods, we believe that the Leap motion sensor shows potential to contribute to the development of hand rehabilitation protocols and be used with patients in a clinical setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T11:12:26Z","timestamp":1537873946000},"page":"3230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["A Novel Setup and Protocol to Measure the Range of Motion of the Wrist and the Hand"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6965-0242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kostas","family":"Nizamis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noortje H. M.","family":"Rijken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Reinier Postlaan 4, 6525 GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariska M. H. P.","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Reinier Postlaan 4, 6525 GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2177-5115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arjen","family":"Bergsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart F. J. M.","family":"Koopman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kapandji, I.A. (1987). The Physiology of the Joints: Annotated Diagrams of the Mechanics of the Human Joints, Churchill Livingstone."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06516","article-title":"The coming acceleration of global population ageing","volume":"451","author":"Lutz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"245","article-title":"Impairment of hand function and loss of earning capacity after occupational hand injury: Prospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Hung","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med. 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