{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T04:05:23Z","timestamp":1780805123353,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31371806 and 21705101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31371806 and 21705101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China Jiangsu Innovation Fund of Agricultural Science and Technology","award":["CX(15)1012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CX(15)1012"]}]},{"name":"Yangzhou University Science and Technology Innovation Team (2016)","award":["2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, it is presented for the first time that nitrogen and chlorine co-doped carbon nanodots (N,Cl-CDs) were synthesized by simply mixing glucose, concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl), and 1,2-ethylenediamine (EDA). No external heat was employed; the neutralization reaction served as the heat source. The glucose served as the carbon source while EDA and HCl were the N and Cl dopants, respectively. The fluorescence of N,Cl-CDs was adequately quenched by hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) based on a combination of dynamic quenching and inner filter effect (IFE). Accordingly, an efficient N,Cl-CDs-based fluorescence probe was established for sensitive and selective detection of Cr(VI). The proposed fluorescence sensor provides a linear recognition range for Cr(VI) determination from 3 to 40 \u00b5M with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.28 \u00b5M (14.6 \u00b5g\/L). The proposed fluorescence method was successfully utilized to detect Cr(VI) in different water samples with satisfactory results. The spike recoveries vary from 97.01% to 103.89% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 0.82%. This work highlights the development of a simple, ultrafast, and energy-saving one-step synthetic route to fabricate N,Cl-CDs for highly selective and sensitive detection of Cr(VI) in real water samples. It is anticipated that the proposed fluorescence method could be further explored and widely used for Cr(VI) detection in the environmental industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T02:58:04Z","timestamp":1539313084000},"page":"3416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Ultrafast and Energy-saving Synthesis of Nitrogen and Chlorine Co-doped Carbon Nanodots via Neutralization Heat for Selective Detection of Cr(VI) in Aqueous Phase"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9989-3413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qin","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengqi","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiming","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruixia","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenquan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2013.12.092","article-title":"An easy approach of preparing strongly luminescent carbon dots and their polymer based composites for enhancing solar cell efficiency","volume":"70","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18110","DOI":"10.1021\/jp9085969","article-title":"Carbon Dots as Nontoxic and High-Performance Fluorescence Imaging Agents","volume":"113","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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