{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:13:14Z","timestamp":1775693594669,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]],"date-time":"2018-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>IEEE802.15.4g is a low-power wireless standard initially designed for Smart Utility Networks, i.e., for connecting smart meters. IEEE802.15.4g operates at sub-GHz frequencies to offer 2\u20133\u00d7 longer communication range compared to its 2.4 GHz counterpart. Although the standard offers 3 PHYs (Frequncy Shift Keying, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing and Offset-Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) with numerous configurations, 2-FSK at 50 kbps is the mandatory and most prevalent radio setting used. This article looks at whether IEEE802.15.4g can be used to provide connectivity for outdoor deployments. We conduct range measurements using the totality of the standard (all modulations with all further parametrization) in the 863\u2013870 MHz band, within four scenarios which we believe cover most low-power wireless outdoor applications: line of sight, smart agriculture, urban canyon, and smart metering. We show that there are radio settings that outperform the \u201c2-FSK at 50 kbps\u201d base setting in terms of range, throughput and reliability. Results show that highly reliable communications with data rates up to 800 kbps can be achieved in urban environments at 540 m between nodes, and the longest useful radio link is obtained at 779 m. We discuss how IEEE802.15.4g can be used for outdoor operation, and reduce the number of repeater nodes that need to be placed compared to a 2.4 GHz solution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T02:52:53Z","timestamp":1539658373000},"page":"3468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Evaluation of IEEE802.15.4g for Environmental Observations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inria, EVA Team, 75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tengfei","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inria, EVA Team, 75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3020-427X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Vilajosana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science, Telecommunications and Multimedia Department, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3695-9315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Watteyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inria, EVA Team, 75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151711","DOI":"10.4108\/eai.1-12-2016.151711","article-title":"PEACH: Predicting Frost Events in Peach Orchards Using IoT Technology","volume":"2","author":"Watteyne","year":"2016","journal-title":"EAI Endorsed Trans. 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