{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T04:52:00Z","timestamp":1775019120027,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":278,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]],"date-time":"2018-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201506120077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201506120077"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thanks to advanced semiconductor microfabrication technology, chip-scale integration and miniaturization of lab-on-a-chip components, silicon-based optical biosensors have made significant progress for the purpose of point-of-care diagnosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in evanescent field biosensing technologies including interferometer, microcavity, photonic crystal, and Bragg grating waveguide-based sensors. Their sensing mechanisms and sensor performances, as well as real biomarkers for label-free detection, are exhibited and compared. We also review the development of chip-level integration for lab-on-a-chip photonic sensing platforms, which consist of the optical sensing device, flow delivery system, optical input and readout equipment. At last, some advanced system-level complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) chip packaging examples are presented, indicating the commercialization potential for the low cost, high yield, portable biosensing platform leveraging CMOS processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]],"date-time":"2018-10-18T10:55:41Z","timestamp":1539860141000},"page":"3519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":288,"title":["Silicon Photonic Biosensors Using Label-Free Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6404-5433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enxiao","family":"Luan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0594-5455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossam","family":"Shoman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Ratner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA"}]},{"given":"Karen C.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Chrostowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1043","article-title":"Early detection: Proteomic applications for the early detection of cancer","volume":"3","author":"Wulfkuhle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. 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